ABSTRACT
In this study an attempt was made to
examine whether there is social media impact on students academic performance
in higher institution.
A close ended questionnaire was
administered to the students of Kwara State Polytechnic and University of
Ilorin to elicit responses about impact of social media on their performance.
The data obtain was analyzed using table some findings was formulated to direct
the study were accepted.
Thus, there is significant impact of
social media on students academic performance in
higher institution. It is recommended that social media should be discouraged
so as to enhance better performance of the students.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Abstract
Table of content
CHPATER ONE
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Scope and limitation
1.6 Definition of the terms
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Social media and academic performance
2.3 Student academic performance
2.4 Social media and it users
2.5 Negative effective
2.6 Positive effective
2.7 Theoretical frame work
2.8 Review
of related studies
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Objectives of research
3.3 Research design
3.4 Sample and sampling technique
3.5 Validity and reliability of the instrument
3.6 Instrumentation
3.7 Population of the study
3.8 Procedure for data collection
3.9 method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS
AND PRESENTATION OF RESULT
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Analysis of the field performance of the
questionnaires
4.3 Discuss of findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Bibliography
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Recently,
there has been considerable discussion regarding the frequent use of social
media tools (e.g. Face book, Myspace, Twitter, Xanga, Friendsker) by high
school and college students, and the possible effect of those tools on
student’s academic performance (Comnolly, 2011: Hargitai and Hsieh, 2010). At
the core of the project work is whether the growing use of social media by higher
institution student actually improves or worsen a student’s academic performance.
With the expected continued growth in the usage of these tools by students as
early as secondary school level (Anderson and Rainie 2012), this issue has wide
spread implication particularly for areas of education.
Academic
performance is not a concept that is new many social scientist and researchers
alike have defined academic performance in various ways. Bruce Tuckman (1975)
asserts that performance is used to label the observation manifestation of
knowledge, skill concept and understanding and idea. So performance is the
application of a learning product that at the end of the process mastery. It is
the product acquisition of particular grades on examination; it shows or indicates
the students’ ability, mastery of content, skill in applying learned knowledge
to a particular situation. A student is generally judged on examination
performance (Banquil et al., 2000).
A
student’s academic performance basically show how he or she has benefited form
being explored to an academic programme, often this shows after an evaluation, done
in terms of an examination either at the end of semester, session or even after
the completion of the programme. Most institution use C.P.G.A, as a measure of
academic performance and it vary from institution to institution.
The
used of social media by students, especially face book, the most common social
media to communicate and explore different interesting information. Through
this everyone can say that getting addicted with social media will greatly
affect the student’s academic performance.
The
young people especially the student nowadays are prone with the use of
different technologies. Sometimes they are getting tired in doing their
homework and in studying their lessons and because of this, they rather surf on
internet and open them to have some fun. Nonis and Hudson (2006) stated that
student already “spend too little time studying” due to their busy lives. Here
in the selected institution in Kwara State Student use to focus with their
studies for their chosen course is not that easy. If a students get addicted to
face book and spend too much time for it definitely he will find it hard to
deal with his academic performance.
In
fact there were many internet shops found outside the selected institution
environment which are found to be loaded by student from different department.
The social media addiction by the student is a great challenge that need to
face in order for them to handle and maintain their good performance in school.
The
social media addiction among student is a very popular issue that still needs
to be observed and solve by the student on their own. They must learn to
considered their behaviour in performing any actions. Indeed, there is nothing
wrong in using social media what’s matter most was the discipline within their
own selves.
Many
students rely on the accessibility of information on social media specifically
and that means a reduced on learning and retaining information. Students who
attempt to multi-task, checking social media sites while studying may have
their academic performances affected either
positively or negatively. According to their grades we can
determine the academic performance of students. It says that if the students
earns high grades it means that he/she studies a lot, while low grades indicates
less studying.
Academic
performance focuses and concentrate on your having the right mind – set for
raising your academic performance so you can learn more effectively. It is how
students deal with their studies and how they cope with or accomplish different
tasks give to them by their lecturers.
At
the core of this project work is whether the growing use of social media in the
selected higher institution in Kwara State if it actually improves or worsens a
student’s academic performance. With the expected continued growth in the usage
of those tools (e.g. face-book, 2go, wht’s up) by students as raises a concern
on the effectiveness of their
educational career or performance.
Just
as the term social media has obtained a fairly board meaning, the term
generally refers to internet – based communication that allow individuals and
groups to interact. Social media specifically refer to those internet based
services that: promote online social interaction between two or more person
within a bounded system for the purpose of friendship, meeting other persons
and/or exchanging information; contains a functionality that let users create
public or semi – public personal profile pages that contain information of
their own choosing; serves as a mechanism to communicate with other users; and
contains mechanisms that allow users to search for other users according to
some specific criteria (Zwarti Lindsay, Henderson 2011).
Social
media such as face book, my space, linked and twitter are good example of sites
that meet the previously stated criteria. Social media use overall grown
significantly since 2005 with some estimate of nearly 78% of student using
social media. In terms of daily usage more recent estimate shows face-book as
having over 750million. Use worldwide, YouTube having over 3billion views each
day; Twitter having over 177million tweets per day, why good percentage of this
population are student (Chen and Bryer, 2012).
As
related to this research exploratory study, the previous statistics indicate
that social media tend to have the highest usage rate among traditionally –
aged higher institution student (that is those under 30years).
The
academic performance of these students, social media and academic performance,
the issue of where social media helps or hurts or a student academic
performance is often couched in larger issues identified with the overall use
of social media (e.g. it psychological effect, privacy & safety concerns,
individual self-discipline and self regulation concerns, human adaptability
concerns) Roseri and Conolly 2011.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Social
media website, such as facebook, twitter and linkedIn) are currently used by
many people to connect with their friends and relative around the globe (Dale
and Lewis 2013). The use of the various social media platforms has grown so
fast that it has even attracted the attention of higher institution students;
they are so engrossed in the site that they have almost completely forgotten
about their academic work higher institution student are considered victims of
social media site more than group of people as they negatively impact of their
academic performance (Windham, 2007).
Higher
institution students easily get tempted to use the various social media
platforms when trying to obtain learning material online. In most cases, the
students end up spending almost all their times on the social media and forget
about the course materials they originally intended to look for (Guffery &
Almonte, 2010).
Social
media serve as a significant distraction for academic performance of student.
Facebook, the most popular social media site, was specifically design for
undergraduates and is the most popular social media site, was specifically
designed for undergraduates and is the most frequently used. Therefore, time
spent on social media may affect academic performance. For example time spent
on facebook may directly affect and/or moderate the relationship between
traditional predictors of academic performance (i.e. ACT scores, high school
GPA, study time, etc and college GPA vital to the lives of many college
student.
Addition
of social media increase short attention spans and subverted higher – order
reasoning skills such as, concentration, persistence and analytical reasoning
among students frequently use social media; a tendency to overestimate one’s
ability to multi-task and manage projects; and technology being seen as a
substitute for the analytical reasoning process.
The
risk plays a vital role in student’s academic performance to various degrees
and at various times.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The
purpose of this study was to begin exploring the possible impact of social
media use on the academic performance of students attending the selected higher
institution is Kwara State. The study primary goal is to identify key themes,
trends and/or perception that can be used as a foundation for more in-depth
empirical research, and can be used to develop policy recommendation to deal
with this growing phenomenon.
A qualitative
research design was used and three preliminary research question were formed to
guide this study. How common is the use of social media (i.e. facebook,
myspace, twitter & LinkIn) among college students for those students who do
utilize social networking site on average? How long do they on those site
collectively per day and/or per week? How does the academic performance of
students compared between students who utilize social media sites and students
who do not use social media sites? Findings from this seem to confirm
performance.
In
addition student ability to concentrate on the task at hand is significantly
reduced by the distractions that are brought about by the social media tools.
The more time students spend on social media and the spread at which information
is published, has created a lax attitude towards proper spelling and grammer.
Thus reduces a student’s ability to effectively write without relying on a
computer’s spell check features.
Social
media has emerged as a term frequently used to describe different types of
communication platforms and electron ways of interacting. This research work
will utilize the definition of social media developed by Bryer and Zavataro
(2008) as being “technologies that facilitate social interaction, make possible
collaboration and enable deliberation across stakeholders.
Utilizing
the definition, social media includes such tools as electronic blogs,
audio/video tools (e.g. YouTube), Internet chat rooms and others. While all the
previous tools can and do facilitate the impact of social media on student
academic performance.
Social
media specifically refer to those interact – based services that promote online
social interaction between two or more persons within a bounded system for the
purpose of friendship, meeting other persons and/or exchanging information
contain a functionality that lets users create public or semi – public personal
profile page that contain information of their own.
In
conclusion the purpose of this study was to explored the impact of social media
on students academic performance in the selected institution in .
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
study is quiet significant in considering the problem area which the study is
predicted upon which is the impact of social media on academic performance of
the student.
The
goal is to identify key themes, trends and/or perception that can be used as a
foundation for more in-depth empirical research. The study presents the first
step in examining this issue for the purpose of developing research grounded
policy. While offering recommendation that can improve proper usage of the
social media.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
The
research was carried out in the selected institution in Kwara State. To respond
to questionnaire the student takes care on impact of social media on academic
performance of students in higher institution while such impact of social media
might be in existence through irregular studying online and social interaction
to keep activities in schools lives.
This
study was mainly concentrated on the impact of social media on the academic
performance of students in higher institutions. It needs to be clearly and
specifically stated that the study was conducted only in the selected higher
institutions and was not extended from the selected institution. Kwara State
polytechnic and University of Ilorin
1.1 DEFINITION OF THE TERMS
To
avert the problem of confusion and misunderstanding of the research work, these
are the definition of some key terms used such as social media, academic
performance and higher institution.
Social
media – Refer to the means of interaction among
people in which they create, share and exchange information and users to
virtual, commodities and networks. Andreas Kaplan (2006) define social media as
“a group of internet based application that build on the ideological and
technological foundation of web and that allow the creation and exchange of
their generated content. In addition is a medium in which people interact, chat
associate through use of internet.
Academic
performance – This is defined as the information
to student’s academic records at the institution, it also refer to the outcome
or the extent to which student has achieved their educational success is
measured by academic performance or how well a student meat standard set out by
the institution.
Higher
institution – This is defined as a vocational
programme that provides training for gainful employment and has been in
existence for at least two year – it can also refer to an institution that
admit as regular student only persons having a certificate of graduation from a
school providing secondary education or the recognized equivalent of such a
certificate, is also legally authorized within such state provide program of
education beyond secondary education.