ABSTRACT
This project work is based on the survey of the learning of kulumbu music among the Yewa people of Ogun State. Which focus on Igan Alade and Oja Odan community? The work look into how kulumbu style of music is been practiced in Igan Alade and Oja Odan and its spread into some other towns giving a discovery of whom the originator of the music are, the purpose of the music, how the music is been practiced and the instruments required for it’s accompanitment music accompaniment. Conclusion drawn and recommendation given.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria has many music genres some of which are known worldwide. Many of this have their root from and in relation to the various ethnics group within Ogun State each with its own different techniques instrumentation, melodious, lyrics, mode of performance and costumes, event, performers and their origins. Hence most Nigeria music genres are influenced by the cultural norms and practices of the ethnics groups, from which they emanate and developed. The Ogun musical genres include popular music and contemporary music of which popular music has long been an integral part of the field of African pop music having its influences from many ethnic groups.
The earliest styles of Yewa popular music were both bolojo music and Ponsere music, which, spread in the 1920s which later became Kulumbu music among the Yewa people of Ogun State. During this time a few other styles of music such as Apala, Apepe, Egungun, Kongo derived from contemporary music found a more limited audience by the 1900. The result was a fusion of new style in the last few decades of 19th century.
Moreover this are derive from the fusion of traditional music such as Bolojo, Gelede, and kulumbu music which is the main contemporary music of the Yewa people of Ogun state.
Kulumbu music came to existence in 19th century in Ihumbe as ponsere music before it was later changed to ‘kulumbu’ music it was brought into Yewa land by Hezikiah Babatunde and has many assistance like BAALE who came from Isale to Igan-Alade, NURUDEEN BANKOLE, and those who were choose as the treasurer, AMUDA, ISAIAH, OLOFINGIN FALETI, and those that supported him were MOSES, MULERO who was the social director of Kulumbu and AJANI SANNI.
It practitioner popularly called AYINKE, ENESO, ABEUN, ONIYIDE, ALABA ONIYIDE; Kulumbu is an important music in Igan Alade and its migrated to Ijoun, Eeja, Ika and this made Igan Alade the major seat of the practice of kulumbu music.
The notable venue were practitioner include, Ile-iya Egbe, Baba Egbe, Ile Apesin which means town hall.
Kulumbu music is performed by the elderly ones who later initiated some other young ones between the age of 15-25 year for the progress of the community and for onward transmission to the next generation so that the music will not to go into extinction, the elderly ones trained the younger ones on how to sing kulumbu music and it was discovered that some children are talented in singing the music without going through training, in the process of this they make a four (4) step dance. Kulumbu style of music is used for entertainment at various ceremony, such as Naming, House warming, coronation, wedding, burial ceremony this is because kulumbu music is easily accessible and cheap to engage.
The text centered on praises of some noble men in the society, the condition of the society event celebrant who cannot employ the service of popular musician instrument. This is a reflection music, which intended to entertain, inform, praise, warm, and inspire it’s audience.
The kulumbu music which were mostly based on traditional folklores and stories were chanted to the accompaniment of indigenous instrument like agogo (metal gong), sekere (ground rattle), Iya ilu (mother drum), their dancing step always go in line with the drums.
Oja odan is also a popular town in Yewa South Local Government Area of Ogun State where kulumbu music is very popular. It is usually perform by the youth in oja odan.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Contemporary music in Ogun State has been in practice for a while and has been faced with some challenges such as lack of transportation, electricity, instrument etc. There are some situations whereby a celebrant will desire a life band performance for his or her ceremony but because of the limited space and financial constraint the celebrant may have a change of mind in using alternative for the ceremony.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to look at the training and learning procedure involves in Kulumbu music of the Yewa people of Ogun State Nigeria.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
This research is out to find answer to the following:
1. What is Kulumbu music?
2. What are the role of Kulumbu music among the Yewa people of ogun state
3. What are the significance of kulumbu music
4. What are the criteria for initiation into kulumbu music
5. What are the recruitment exercise requirement
6. What are the training procedure for kulumbu music
7. What is the origin of kulumbu music
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research work is a survey of the learning of kulumbu music and it’s limited to the people of Oja odan and Igan Alade communities of Yewa North local government of Ogun State.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research will help the music scholars, student of music, dance and theatre who desire to study the basic concept of kulumbu music.
It will also serve as an eye opener to those who will require the performance and documentation of kulumbu music.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
– Kulumbu: It’s a music that is perform in Yewa North people of Ogun state and when is been sang they make a four step dance.
– Music: is the act of combining a sound in a manner that is agreeable to the ear, it can be vocal, voices, acapella or instrumental.
– Tradition: It’s the passing down of element of a culture from generation-generation, especially by oral communication
– Africanmusic: It’s a music that is originated among African by the African and for the Africans.
– Indigenous: It means “Native to the area” people animal and plant can be indigenous as opposed to having immigrated or been imported from else where
– Dance: To move rhythmically to music typically followed a set. Sequence steps, more in a quick and lively way.
– Survey: Method of gathering information from individual, it’s to look, record, examined on the condition of a building.
– Culture: The act and other manifestation of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively.
– Origin: The point of which something comes into existence or form, which it derive or is derived and arrived.
– Learning: The acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience study or by being taught.