Which of the following ways to avoid excavation hazards is mentioned in the construction eTool?
Provide protection by one or more of the following: Set spoils and equipment at least 2 feet back from the excavation. Use retaining devices, such as a trench box, that will extend above the top of the trench to prevent equipment and spoils from falling back into the excavation.
What is the most common hazard during an excavation?
Probably the most common hazard at any work site is the threat of cave-in. A cave-in occurs when walls of an excavation collapse. Cave-ins can be deadly. Wall failures often occur suddenly, with little or no time for the worker to react.
What are the three main protection methods against cave-ins?
To prevent cave-ins:
- SLOPE or bench trench walls.
- SHORE trench walls with supports, or.
- SHIELD trench walls with trench boxes.
What is the name of a structure designed to prevent excavation cave-ins?
Shoring or Shoring System – a structure such as a metal hydraulic, mechanical or timber shoring system that supports the sides of an excavation and which is designed to prevent cave-ins.
How excavation contribute to the cause of hazardous event?
The hazards and risks are usually:
Materials falling onto the people working in the excavation. … The undermining of nearby structures causing their collapse into the excavation. Damage to underground services during excavation work causing electrocution, explosion, gas escape, flooding etc.
How do you protect deep excavation?
Those methods are sloping, benching, and shoring or shielding. Sloping: Sloping is a viable option as a protective system. Sloping is often the most cost-effective way to protect employees from potential trenching and excavation hazards.
How do you stop an excavation from collapsing?
Trench collapse risks can be minimized by shifting the soil weight away from the trench opening. Trench collapses can also be minimised by placing trench sheets on both sides of the trench.
Which of the following methods are used to prevent cave-ins damage and settlement?
Shielding. This method is the most common system used and protects workers with trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins.
How do you prevent soil caves?
Shoring—installing aluminum, hydraulic, or other types of supports to prevent soil movement and cave-ins; or. Shielding—using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins.
How can you control water around an excavation?
Two principal approaches can be used: groundwater control by pumping (also known as construction dewatering), which involves pumping from an array of wells or sumps to lower groundwater levels in the vicinity of an excavation; or groundwater control by exclusion, which relies on low permeability cut-off walls around …
What are used to prevent soil movement and cave-ins during the excavation of earth?
Shoring requires installing aluminum hydraulic or other types of supports to prevent soil movement and cave-ins.
What are the standard methods of cave in protection?
What are the different types of protective systems used to protect against cave-ins? There are two basic methods of protecting workers against cave-ins: Sloping. Temporary protective structures (e.g., shoring, trench boxes, pre-fabricated systems, hydraulic systems, engineering systems, etc.)
What is trench protection?
Trench protection is required when workers must enter trenches that are five feet deep, or more. … Trench boxes are a common form of trench protection, providing strong walls and a frame that protect workers inside from cave-ins. An improperly constructed trench box, though, will not protect workers in the trench.
What is the number one shield against hazards on the construction site?
Wear safety glasses or a face shield if flying hazards exist.
What are the methods of excavation?
Excavation by Material
- Topsoil Excavation. As the name suggests, this type of excavation involves the removal of the exposed or the topmost area of the earth’s surface. …
- Rock Excavation. …
- Muck Excavation. …
- Earth Excavation. …
- Cut and Fill Excavation. …
- Trench Excavation. …
- Basement Excavation. …
- Dredging.
What are some ways to avoid struck by flying object hazards?
Use personal protective equipment to prevent being hit by falling or flying objects. Wear a hard hat, safety glasses, goggles, and face shields. Wear hearing protection when needed.
What are two types of excavation techniques?
Trenches are used in archeology, civil engineering, and military engineering for various purposes. In residential construction, they are excavated mainly to provide a base for buildings.
…
Trenching
…
Trenching
- Shielding.
- Shoring.
- Benching.
- Battering.
What precaution should be taken during excavation of foundation trenches?
Excavations shall have at least one ladder per 15 m of length in case of hazardous work and per 30 m of length in case of less hazardous works. Every part of a trench, in public areas, fences, guards or barricades shall be provided to prevent any accidents. Excavation areas shall be adequately lighted for night work.
Why do we excavate in construction?
Working Procedure of Excavation
The first and primary step involved in the excavation is to find out the extent of soil and Clearing of construction site is of unwanted bushes, weeds and plants. Setting out or ground tracing is the process of laying down the excavation lines and centre lines etc.