CHAPETR ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research Hypotheses
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms
1.8 Organization of the study
CHAPETR TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPETR THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 sources of data collection
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sampling and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation of research instrument
3.6 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
Abstract
The continued hostility of host communities to companies operating in their communities especially multi-national companies and also the lack of care by this multi-national companies is not a healthy situation for the development of our host communities in one part and also the spread of their product and services. This development calls for urgent application of Public Relation tools to curtail trend. This research study is interested in investigating community relations as an effective tools of public relation, mutual relationship, understanding, acceptance, confidence and goodwill among our host communities and the multi-national companies in Nigeria especially SPDC.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
The world is constantly becoming sophisticated, complex and dynamic. Public relations as a Profession have continued to play tremendous revolutionary roles in changing the face of the earth. As the human society becomes more challenging and complex, people become more enlightened and aware of their fundamental human rights. This has led to series of crisis and face off among business organizations and their host community.
There is no doubt that most of the activities of these organizations constitute a nuisance to the host inhabitants and put their health at great risk. The paramount objective of every business organization is profit maximization. This would not be achieved without serene business environment. The concept of community relations is fundamental for effective public relations practice in every organization. The survival of any organization is contingent upon the measure of cordiality and continued acceptance it enjoys in its business premises. A company whose policies do not reflect the desires and aspirations of its host inhabitants is seriously inviting reprisal attack from the community. It is only through good community relations programme that company can improve the quality of life of the host inhabitants.
Community relations entail creating and sustaining environmental friendly programmes and actions of mutual benefit to both the organization and its host community. In business parlance, the transaction of these needs and expectations is regarded as “Corporate Philanthropy” (Nweke, 2001:20). Corporate social responsibility is a business philosophy which is of the view that organizations in the pursuance of their profit motive ought to be responsive to the needs of the society by meaningful contributing to the socio-economic development of that society. Organizations that are socially responsible are always rewarded with favourable serene business environment. Thos that are insensitive and don’t live up to expectation are faced with reprisal action. The favourable business atmosphere will make the responsive organizations to flourish, whereas the insensitive ones are distracted by the hostile attitude exhibited by the host community. Their prosperity and progress are stifled. Good community relations ensure a well-planned and sustained corporate identity which inversely plays a paramount role in shaping the corporate image of an organization.
In Nigeria today, community relations is growing very fast and more interest is being taken by organizations and corporate bodies in this aspect of public relations. This is so because of some important factors (Osuji, 1999:951-99). Today Nigeria’s economic survival is dependant on petroleum. Since the exploration and exploitation of crude oil which give the country major percentage of its income are carried on in rural communities with its attendant numerous risks, it becomes imperative that public relation practitioners in those organizations should give more attention to community relations.
Secondly, the oil installation and gas flaring that are located in these communities make the people vulnerable. It becomes important that adequate measures should be taken to reduce the risk of this vulnerability. The surest way is by designing and executing a good community relations strategy.
Thirdly, the constant leadership tussles, conflicts and youthful violent outburst among youths and community leaders could have carryover effect resulting to misdirected aggression against oil companies. Maintaining good rapport with these groups through excellent channel of communication which invariably must be a concomitant of effective community relations strategy.
This study therefore, will look into the concept of community relations and the role if has played on the corporate image of Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
People like Bittner (1989) argue that in a bid to ensure good community relations, organizations expend shareholders money, cut down workers salaries, waste precious time which should be used for other profitable things. He calls it “a fundamentally subversive doctrine which offers insoluble practical problems”. While Nweke (2001:220) is of the view that compliance and noncompliance with the idea of corporate philanthropy determine the measure of goodwill, cordiality and continued acceptance an organization enjoys in its business premises.
The problem of this study is to ascertain the role Shell’s Community Relations has played on their corporate image. The reasons behind the negative or positive public perception, about SPDC.
As well as whether this is a result of its compliance or non compliance to the business philosophy of corporate philosophy and the positive or negative attitude of the management and staff members towards the money expended on community relations.
Moreso, it will examine the extent to which these perceptions and attitude are capable of affective the success or failure of the organization.