CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Most organizations whether in manufacturing service
or extractive field of operating make use of materials handling equipment in
their daily operations.
Handling of materials, which is the main activity in
store house and stockyards are costly operations and therefore, the methods and
equipments employed in handling should be efficient
As in many other aspects of store function, the approaches
depend on the nature of the business, the kind of stock carried and the size of
the accommodation.
In a large stores house responsible for a wide range
of a goods with weekly output measured in hundred of tons it will b e necessary
to provide some manual handling equipment and mechanical handling for moving
the heavy materials. In this case, it’s not unusual to find overhead cranes,
fork lift trucks and conveyor all in operations. With mobile and crane and
dumpers in the stockyards.
The impacts of materials handling equipments on the
store function of an organization cannot be over emphasize for effective
service, organization should be able to transport materials, equipments, spares
from one point to another as effectively as possible.
As a result material handling equipments, only few
workers are needed for its operation and this tends to save the company huge
amount of money, time and reduction in work of the labour. The position of
materials handling remains a subject of concern to most business organization.
It’s on this vital issue that research work will
focus by examining the role o purchasing and store departments. In regard to
material handling operation manufacturing organization. Although, these
functions spend a significant Portion of organization income.
1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND DOYIN INVESTMENT
COMPANY
Doyin investment Nigeria Limited was sited along Asa
Dam Road Kwara State. The company specialized in product of Flash. Hi-Cleans,
Vogues, Dento Clean and Wash rite.
The company was incorporated in October 1984 by the
Federal Government of Nigeria under the Commerce and Industry Act 1985 all the installation
started immediately.
The Head Office is at Lagos State. Doyin is from
Kwara State. He decided to site the industries in the state capital for the
purpose of reducing the problem of unemployment within and outside the state.
The materials used in production are imported
materials but now some materials are being produced locally. Some of the
materials were specially made for Doyin investment Nigeria Limited from oversea
e.g. Blank Corp. Sodium Syndicate etc.
The organizational chart showing department and
staff position. The General Manager is the Head of the industry.
The sole responsibilities of the whole operations
rest on him. He is the only person that gives order on any important issues.
When there is a need to Purchase capital equipment or purchase large quality of
raw materials involving millions naira.
After the General Manager are the Technical Manager,
Production Manager and Quality Control Manager.
The
technical manager wherever there is any needs to purchase costly equipment. The
Product Manager has under him the raw materials store, central stores and
warehouses where they keeps the finished products.
The raw materials that always kept in the store for
production include:
i. Flash
Cartons for packing the detergent.
ii. Inner
case in which the soap and the detergent itself are being packed.
iii. Polly
products (Wash Right Bags) are used to pack the detergent that was no in
cartons. It is weighted in kilograms (500kg).
2. The
components at the raw materials store:
i.
STPP (Sodio
Tripolifapato)
ii.
Sodium Syndicate
iii.
Glue
iv.
Blank Corp
v.
Blue Due
vi.
perfume
vii.
Caustic Soda
viii.
Sulphuric Acid.
All the raw materials are kept for production
process in the raw materials store until they come to request for them from the
production shop floor. The STPP (Sodium Triphotasopato) is in separate tank
with the provision of taps so that as they are being dissolved by water, some
are passes to the next machine where the operation starts.
The sodium syndicate is used to neutralize the acid
of the detergent during the production. Glue, Blank Corp and Caustic Soda are
also parts of the raw materials used for production for the detergent and
during this period it is in white colour. The blue due will be supplied so that
it will change the white colour to blue colour, It depends on the colour of the
detergent they want to produce, perfume is then supplied at the final stage, so
that the detergent will give passive smell, this will normally be on the cloth.
The quality control manager in collaboration with design and engineering
department work on how much chemical should be used, the design packing and
packages, what types of colour will attract the customer, the dimension for the
cartons hardness so it does not just get spoiled anyhow. The amount of raw
materials to be used in forecast by the quality control department. At it’s
always happening in cost -organization the store department will supply all
document connected with the purchase of raw material arid stationeries to the
account department so that tie necessary funds is given to them to buy from
outside organization. The entire document are not given to the account
department only to issue money for purchasing the materials alone, but the
account department use it for the organization annual budget.
In every department there is a supervisor monitoring
the affairs of the clerks and other cleaners, so that the information will be
flowing upward from the cleaner to supervisor and to different heads of
department.
Most of the decision taken in the organization is
such the decision flow down warding.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE GENERAL PROBLEMS
Most organizations in this country do not know the impact
of the materials handling equipments on store function in most cases many
organization encounter problem in the application of and operation of handling equipment.
Materials handling equipments cost a lot of money, the
less handling equipments involved in the stores operations, the better it is in
terms of cost reduction and consequently better profit.
In facts, the use of materials handling equipments saves
the money and time and make work to be effectively and efficiently done.
The financial
commitment in procuring materials handling equipment as well as its
introduction is a problems for most firms instances, operational problems is
another obstacle that is normally encountered in the application of materials
handling equipment an organization since there is the need for trained manpower
to handle the machines, driven machine in the organization
Introduction to materials handling equipment in the store
house requires a careful study of the existing store house. It was observe that
most store houses need to be modified before particular handling equipment can
be introduced
1 3 THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. The
primary objective for the research work is satisfy one of the pre-requisite for
the award of Higher National Diploma (HND) Certificate in Purchasing and Supply
awarded by Department of Purchasing and Supply, Institute Finance and
Management Studies. Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin.
2. To
determine the extent to which effective materials handling equipments can lead
to the attainment of organization objectives.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It is hoped that Doyin Investment company Limited
Ilorin Kwara State being that entity on which the study is centered upon will
certainly find this projects more beneficial in the sense that, it would expose
the company’s lapses and possible ways of rectifying the lapses.
This study is significant because it will serve as a
reference source for future researcher writing on similar topic.
The
research study will broaden the knowledge out for the researcher in the subject
molted
1.6 THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This
study will cover only the impact of materials handling equipment on the store
function of an organization.
The
research work will be limited in scope to Doyin investment company Ilorin.
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The successful conduct of this research work has not
by any means been an easy task. The researcher faced a lot, of problems which
almost threaten the success of the study.
Firstly in view limited time for the submission of
this research work, the researcher was forced to restore the scope of the study
to doyin investment company limited ilorin.
Also, lack of enough and adequate
financial resources made it quite impossible for the researcher to visit all
the similar companies spread across the country.
Another
problem faced by the researcher was the lack of access to required facts and
figures relating to the subject matter the company’s official in charge of such
facts and figures this did not allow the researcher access to them.
HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION
Hypothesis is a tentative answer to research
questions. It is often stated in form of relationship between a dependent and
independent variables.
The following hypothesis will be employed in this
research work.
H0: Null hypothesis, materials
handling equipment has no impact on
store function of an organization.
H1: Alternative hypothesis,
materials handling equipment has positive
impacts on the store function of an organization.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
(1)
RESEARCH: The act of investigation to obtain fact about something from varieties
of sources.
(2)
RESEARCHER: The individual who undertake to carry-out investigation to discover
facts about something from many sources. 4
(3)
STOCK: This is an item that are held in the store house,
4)
STORE HOUSE: This is a place where goods are kept for immediate and future
consumption.
(5
OVERHEAD CRANES: It is used to load and unload heavy object from loading
vehicle and railway wagon.
(6)
MATERIALS HANDLING: These are the equipments employed in moving material
(moving) from one place to another.
(7)
MANUAL HANDUNG: This is a natural ways of handling items which are not too heavy.
This is the use of hands without any equipment.
(8) RACK: This is the name
given to any kind of storage fixtures that cannot be grouped as schedule or
bin.