THE EFFECTS OF PORNOGRAPHIC FILMS ON NIGERIA YOUTHS
ABSTRACT
Pornographic materials are the
representation of erotic behaviors in books, pictures, statues, motion pictures
etc. that is intended to cause sexual excitement. The effect of pornographic
films on Nigeria
youths was embarked upon with the intention of establishing the impression of
youth exposures.
It is apparent that youths exposure to
pornographic films will have negative effect on them. Here lies the objective
of our research which seeks to find out why youths watch pornographic films and
the extent to which these youths practice behaviors acquired from viewing
pornographic films
The survey research methodology was in
use because the study in question involved the kind of population that would be
too large to be observed directly, this method helped us in finding out that
exposure to pornographic films affects the psychological state of a person and
can influence such a person to participate in or practicalize what is being
watched. Also realize was the fact that sexual crimes and abuses meted out by
youths in our society today is very much attributed to their exposure to
pornographic films.
In
conclusion youths are the lewdest of tomorrow as such should be emotionally and
psychological; balanced. Youth should therefore not indulge in watching
pornographic film because the consequences which is negative, will surely tell
on them.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPTER
ONE
Introduction.
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Statement of the research
problem
1.3
Objectives of the study
1.4
Significant of the study
1.5
Research question
1.6
Research hypothesis (including
the null hypothesis)
1.7
Conceptual and operational
definition
1.8
Assumptions
1.9
Limitation of the study
CHAPTER
TWO
Review
of the literature
2.1
Sources of the literature
2.2
The review: theoretical
framework
2.3
Summary of the literature
review.
CHAPTER
THREE
Methodology
3.1
Research method
3.2
Research design
3.3
Research samples
3.4
Measuring instrument.
3.5
Data collection
3.6
Data analysis
3.7
Expected results
CHAPTER
FOUR
Data
Analysis and Results
4.1
Data analysis
4.2
Results
4.3
Discussion
CHAPTER
FIVE
Summary
and recommendation for further study
5.1
Summary
5.2
Recommendation for further
study
Bibliography
Appendix.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROND
OF THE STUDY
This
study “The effects of pornographic materials on youths” aim at identifying the
influences of pornographic materials on the youth, with particular emphasis on
the youth in two Nigeria Tertiary institutions. The study will be able to
ascertain whether the widely held view that pornographic materials do not have
adverse effect on the moral and behavior of youths is true or not. However,
this study will narrowed down to pornographic films only.
In
view of the foregoing films began in the minds of people who came long before
the film pioneers themselves. In attempt to capture and recreate motion can be
traced too when civilization began, the care drawing which showed a horse with
eight legs the fleeting arrow from a hunter’s bow and even carefully detailed
drawing of kings with one foot outstretched to suggest or walking motion.
Bither j.r (1989) said that history Is
somewhat not clear as who deserved glory of inventing still motion pictures,
but that Willam Dickson and Thomas Edison were associated with the effects to
move.
The
earliest forms of pornographic film were seen in France during the 1920s. the
development in France
brought about fun and all sorts of condemnation from the public. For instance
Dellu cinema practitioner and also a French man said that the exhibition of
such pornographic films contributed to melancholy fatal condition social and
other negative attitude among the people.
Down
here in Nigeria,
pornographic films started pervading our country in the late sixties and became
more rampant in the early seventies. Today pornographic films have become so
prevalent that access to them is with reckless abandon.
“Film”
according to Black Africa greatest film producer Ousmance senibene is tool or
communicator of social change and culture” he went further to stress that “A
film is but a driving belt, a vehicle that convey an idea and by this we will
see that communication knowledge and ideas help people make their own decisions
about the environment they live in.
more
so, film is categorized under mass media. Therefore, associated with the
enormous influence of the mass media. To buttress this, Walter Lippman (1922)
also said that the media do not only tell the people what to think but also
what to think about. That is to say the media shapes the picture in our heads.
Inferentially,
there is no consensus of opinion on the power and capabilities of pornographic
films or media to propagate sexual abuse, crime, violence etc. among youths by
way of projecting such message to them. The stand which one takes on this issue
depends on individual perception and indeed prepositions towards the controversial
topic. But the air of this research is to investigate this issue scientifically
keeping emotion aloof. That is to find out if there is any relationship between
youths exposure to media portrayals of pornographic film and sexual pervasion /
abuse among the youth.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF RESEARCH PROBELMS
Undoubtedly social scientists who are interested in the study of
mass media particularly films effects have been involved in the effects to find
out the relationship between media and anti-social behaviors like crime,
violence, sexual pervasion, abuse, rape.
There
has been series of researches and counter researches which shows that
audio-visual media can be described as an all powerful all pervasive and all
manipulative medium capable of producing the most vociferous outburst through
the portrayal of pornography, violence and other immoral acts thus
Therefore
this project is geared towards ascertaining if sexual crimes pervasion and
abused among the youths could be attributed to their exposure to pornographic
films.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
This
study is aimed at the following
·
To find out the various reasons
why youths watch pornographic films
·
To determine the extent to
which the youths respond or practice behaviors acquired form viewing pornographic
films
·
To proffer useful suggestion
and recommendations in this area of study.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The
study in question is very important to the Nigeria society especially now that
we witness all sort of negativity tendencies among our youth. Therefore, the
researcher hold the view that there do exist significant effect of pornographic
films on youths.
The
significance of this study therefore is as follows.
·
To examine how pornography
films negatively affect the youth so that the government and society at large
can control and eradicate them.
·
To ascertain how effective the
various existing laws aimed at controlling pornographic films have been faring
in the responsibilities assigned to them.
·
To find out if the sexual
pervasion among the youths could be attributed to their exposure to
pornographic films
·
To contribute to the already
existing knowledge in the area of study.
1.5 RESEARCJ
QUESTION
·
Do audience exposure to
pornographic films have effect on them
·
Do pornographic films tend to
prompt the youths to replicate what they have reviewed
·
Can sexual pervasion/abuse that
are prevalent in our society today, among the youths be related to their
exposure to pornographic films
·
Do youth exposure to
pornographic films have negative or positive effects on them.
1.6 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
Hi: Audience
exposure to pornographic films have some effect on them
Ho: Audience exposures to
pornographic films do not have any effects on them
H2: Pornographic films
prompt the youths to replicate what they have viewed
Ho: Pornographic films do
not prompt the youths to replicate what they have viewed.
H3: Sexual pervasion and
abuse among the youths are related to their exposure to pornographic films
Ho: Sexual pervasion and
abuse among the youth are not related to their exposure to pornographic films
H4: Audience exposures to
pornographic films have negative effects on them.
Ho: Audience exposures to
pornographic films do not have negative effects on them.
1.7 CONCEPTUAL AND
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION.
The variable for this study, “the
effects of pornographic materials on youth” are conceptual defined as follows
EFFECT CONCEPTUAL DEFINED
The conceptual definition of effects is
the impression produced on the mind of a spectator, bearer, reader viewer etc.
EFFECT OPERATIONALLY DEFINE
The operational definition of effects is
as follow
Positive effect
Neutral effects
Negative effect
Positive Effects: This refers to these
effects which are in line with the accepted social standards and values or
which tends to encourage the development of the youths along this line
Negative Effects: This refers to those
effects which discourage the youths from developing alone accepted societal
standards and values. Several types of behavioral and emotional responses of a
relative or anti- social nature of youths may be associated with exposures to
pornographic films
Neutral Effects: This refers to those
effects which are neither positive nor negative. It is a condition whereby
exposures to pornographic films do not have any effects on youths.
PORNOGRAPHIC MATERIALS CONCEPTUAL
DEFINED
The
conceptual definition of pornographic materials are the representation of
erotic behaviors in books, pictures, statues, motion pictures etc. that is
intended too cause sexual excitement.
PORNOGRPAHIC MATERIALS OPERATIONALLY
DEFINED
The
operational definition of pornographic materials are films that are made solely
for sexual arousement and featuring nudity and explicit sexual acts.
YOUTHS CONCEPTUAL DEINED
A
person who has the quality or characteristics of the young e.g. youthful
freshness or rigor, youthful wantonness, folly or rashness, youthful appearance
or aspect.
1.8 ASSUMPTION
In
determining the effects of pornographic materials on youth this research makes
the following assumptions.
·
That the youths in question are
normal and are not mentally related and
can also reason properly
·
That youths are exposed to and
do view pornographic films
·
That the pornographic films on
media and to which the youth are exposed to either, directly or indirectly
affect them.
1.9 LIMITATION
OF THE STUDY
This
research basically will focuse on the effects of pornographic films on youth.
The study will be restricted within two Nigerian tertiary institutions due to
time constraints, lack of logistics and financial problems
The
study will dwell exclusively on pornographic films alone. Under this
dispensation, pornographic films are the explicit portrayal or exhibition of
sexual acts on television films, cinema films and films that have such
orientation.
In
other words, the media that will be involved in this research are audio/visual
only.