ABSTRACT
This
research is based on the effect of poor infrastructural facilities in the
department or secretarial studies in Olabisi Onabanjo University. Simple random
sampling techniques was used in selecting the schools and respondent for the
study. The participation consisted of 20 students in each school and it is made
up of 100 students in each school. A descriptive research design was adopted
for the study. A questionnaire titled “Effect of poor infrastructural
facilities in the department or secretarial studies” was prepared and used to
collect data for the study. The data so collected through the questionnaire
were analysed using simple random method analysis. It was suggested among
others that a specific percentage of educational budget should be made
available for provision and maintenance of the school infrastructure in order
to reverse the trend of lack of facilities in the educational sector.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND TO THE
STUDY 1
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM 3
1.3
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 3
1.4
RESEARCH QUESTIONS 4
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY 4
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS 5
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
6
2.2 THE
STATE AND IMPORTANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURAL
FACILITIES IN SCHOOL 7
2.3 FACTORS
RESPONSIBLE FOR DECAY OF INFRASTRUCTURE
IN SCHOOLS 9
2.4 THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DECAY IN INFRASTRUCTURE
AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS 12
2.5 THE EFFECTS OF DECAY IN INFRASTRUCTURE ON
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS. 13
2.6 TACKLING
DECAY IN INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES
IN SCHOOLS 14
2.7 THE
ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN ENSURING QUALITY INFRASTRUCTURE IN SCHOOLS 16
2.8 SUMMARY
OF CHAPTER 18
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 RESEARCH
DESIGN 19
3.2 POPULATION
OF STUDY 20
3.3 SAMPLE
AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES 20
3.4 RESEARCH
INSTRUMENT 20
3.5 VALIDATION
OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENT 21
3.6 METHOD
OF DATA COLLECTION 21
3.7 METHOD
OF DATA ANALYSIS 21
3.8 LIMITATION
AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING
THE STUDY 21
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 DATA
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 23-33
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 34
5.1 SUMMARY 34
5.2 CONCLUSION 34
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
35
REFERENCES
37
APPENDIX:
QUESTIONNAIRE 39
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE
STUDY
In recent
time, Educational practitioners and stakeholders have been lamenting the fall
in the standard of education in the country. These calls, gave impetus to the
current educational reforms of the federal government. The school is the
foundation of the formal education systems anywhere in the world.
However, this
very important level of the educational system has been neglected for too long.
There are several blind sports at the public institutions that if addressed
would improve the delivery systems and the quality of teaching and learning.
Both students and teachers need facilities such as libraries, science resource
rooms, good drinking water, toilets, laboratories, good roads linking the
schools and security for teaching and learning. Although the host communities
where public institutions are located benefit from rural electrification, but
the public institutions do not. Most of the school building are in terrible
state of despair because of poor maintenance, our public structures and
facilities have completely collapsed and in ruins. This scenario is however not
peculiar to school buildings and infrastructure but also applicable to Nigerian
roads, government vehicles, public buildings and government industries. These
are obvious non maintenance and careless use of public utilities.
The future of
any society very mostly depend upon the quality of its youths. As such, many
writers have emphasized the needs for proper child upbringing. Muklerjee (1978)
opined that “proper home, care in rearing children during early days (school
age) after birth may lead to the desired behaviour in their personality. The
home is a dwelling place where children are brought up by the family. It is
also a place where the child’s earliest education or socialization usually
beings and hence, served as the first instructional point. For the child
education on the other hand to many educators is a process by which people’s
abilities and talents are developed.
The above
present a commenting position of most of the nations’ schools. In some schools
roofs are blown off, wall are dilapidated and furniture items are damaged and
grossly inadequate. Some school buildings have been built about four (4) decade
ago. Whereas, the depreciation of school physical structure and infrastructures
depend on various factors as the quality of the initial construction and
materials, and the quality of maintenance to accommodate effective teaching and
learning for academic performance of students in public schools. Some building
have life spam of about fifty (50) years whereas, some can function effectively
for not more than ten (10) years.
Also
overcrowded schools are a serious problem in many school systems, particularly
in the cities due to inadequate building to accommodate students. Crowded
classroom conditions not only make it difficult for students to concentrate on
their lessons, but inevitably limit the amount of time teachers can spend on
innovative teaching methods such as co-operative learning and group worker or,
indeed on teaching anything beyond the barest minimum of required material.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
This project
is interested in finding solutions to this problem of “The effect of poor
infrastructural facilities in the department or secretarial studies”.
More
specifically, this project wants to find answers to the following questions
i.
Why available
infrastructural facilities are not properly maintenance?
ii.
How can we make
infrastructural facilities adequately provided by those whom concern?
iii.
What are the factors
needed to put into consideration before provision to be made?
iv.
What are the effect
of procurement of these infrastructural facilities have on academic performance
of students (learners)?
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This research work is an attempt
to;
a.
Analyse the effects
of poor infrastructural facilities in the department or secretarial studies.
b. Examine
functional of infrastructural facilities in the department or secretarial
studies.
c.
To fulfil the desired
vision for the maintenance of school infrastructural facilities in the
department or secretarial studies by the school administrators.
d. To
make recommendations of various ways these infrastructural facilities can be
provide and use effectively by teacher to enhancing effective teaching and
learning.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study attempts to provide
answer to the following research questions:
i.
What are the most
valuable assets a school requires for the effect teaching of students?
ii.
What are the causes
of poor infrastructural facilities in the department or secretarial studies?
iii.
What measures can be
take to ensure adequate equipping of infrastructure in public schools?
iv.
What are the effects
of inadequate infrastructure on teaching and learning?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
The study will
help give an understanding of what really causes damages to available
infrastructure and how to provide more facilities to make it adequate in public
school. The main significance of this study is to examine how students should
be prevented from sitting on the floor to receive lectures and how this can be
eradicated. Efforts would be made to map out the legitimate strategies from
adequate infrastructure facilities to enhance teaching and learning which will
enhance good academic performance for students.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project
is limited to effect of poor infrastructural facilities on the academic
performance of students in schools. It is meant to highlight difficulties faced
by students, the method, infrastructural facilities, materials and attitude of
maintenance involved in the teaching effectively which we reflect in good
academic performance of students.
This study is
limited to Olabisi Onabanjo University
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Effect:
According to Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary (sixth edition) defines
effect as a change that somebody or something causes in somebody or something
else, a result.
Inadequate:
Means not enough or not good enough.
Infrastructural:
This can be says as the basic physical
and organizational structures needed for an economy to function it can also be
refers as the physical components of interrelated systems providing commodities
and services essential to enable sustain or enhance society living conditions.
Facilities:
This word means space or equipment
necessary for doing something.
Academic
performance: This refers to how learners or
students deal with their studies and how they cope with or accomplish different
tasks given to them by their teachers. It also
ability to study and remember facts and being able to communicate your
knowledge verbally or down on paper.
School:
Is an administrative unit dedicated and designed to impart knowledge and skills
to learners.