Maurice Guittet’s biography, fact, career, awards, net worth and life story

Was Navy officer
From France
Morocco
Type Military
Gender male
Birth

December 1908, Moulins, France

Death

1942, Casablanca, Morocco
(aged 33 years)

Education
École Navale

Le lieutenant de vaisseau Maurice Guittet, né le 30 décembre 1908 à Moulins (Allier) et Mort pour la France le 8 novembre 1942 à Casablanca (Maroc), était un officier de marine français.

Biographie

Maurice Marie Victor Stanislas Guittet naît le 30 décembre 1908 à Moulins (Allier). Il est le fils d’Étienne Émile Guittet (1873-1939) et Émilie Méplain (1876-1963).

Entre-deux-guerres

Il entre dans la Marine le 1 octobre 1928, à l’École navale de Brest-Laninon. Il y reste de 1928 à 1930. Nommé aspirant le 1 octobre 1929, il est promu enseigne de vaisseau de 2e classe le 1 octobre 1930. Il est alors affecté au port de Toulon. Il embarque sur plusieurs navires ː

  • en 1930-1931 sur le croiseur Duquesne, école d’application des enseignes de vaisseau ;
  • en 1931 sur le torpilleur Boulonnais ;
  • en 1931-1932 sur l’aviso Dunkerque, de la Division navale du Levant à Beyrouth ;
  • en 1932-1933 sur l’aviso Ypres de la même Division.

Il devient enseigne de vaisseau de 1re classe le 1 octobre 1932.

Entré en 1934 à l’École de navigation sous-marine de la 3e Région maritime à Toulon, il obtient cette même année son certificat d’aptitude à la navigation sous-marine. Il embarque successivement sur plusieurs sous-marins ː

  • en 1934-1935 sur la Naïade, de la 4e Région maritime à Bizerte ;
  • en 1935-1937 sur l’Ondine, au même endroit ;
  • en 1938-1939 sur le Nautilus de la 1ère Région maritime à Cherbourg.

Il est nommé lieutenant de vaisseau le 18 juin 1939.

Seconde Guerre mondiale

Embarqué en 1940 sur le sous-marin Le Héros à Casablanca, il reçoit de 1940 à 1942 une affectation à terre, à la compagnie de garde de l’Unité marine d’Oran. Enfin, le 9 juillet 1942, il obtient son premier commandement, celui du sous-marin Psyché (Q174), stationné à Casablanca au Maroc.

Dans la nuit du 7 au 8 novembre 1942, une force aéronavale américaine, escortant de nombreux transports, aborda par surprise la côte du Maroc et entreprit des débarquements de vive force dans les secteurs de Port-Lyautey, de Safi et de Fédala. A Casablanca, à l’aube du 8 novembre, tous les bâtiments français furent mis en alerte, puis ils reçurent l’ordre d’appareiller. Le 8 novembre 1942, au début de l’Opération Torch, les porte-avions USS Ranger et USS Suwannee de la Western Task Force font décoller leurs appareils. Après avoir d’abord lancé des tracts exhortant les Français à accueillir les Américains en libérateurs, à 7 heures 10, les bombardiers Helldiver attaquent le port de Casablanca ainsi que les bâtiments qui y étaient immobilisés.

À 8 heures 15, alors qu’elle venait d’appareiller, la Psyché est bombardée et mitraillée sur rade par des Helldiver du Ranger. Une bombe explose sur la passerelle contre le kiosque, provoquant de nombreuses voies d’eau et tuant onze hommes. Le lieutenant de vaisseau Maurice Guittet, est tué, de même que deux autres officiers, l’enseigne de vaisseau de 1re classe Avice et l’EV1 Salaun, et huit hommes d’équipage. Il y a aussi de nombreux blessés. Resté seul valide sur le pont, le maître torpilleur Gicquel organise le sauvetage des blessés avec un grand sang-froid, bien que le sous-marin coule rapidement. Au central opérations, l’EV Berneau, officier en second, quoique grièvement blessé, aidé par le second maître mécanicien Lefranc, est évacué après s’être assuré qu’il n’y a plus personne à bord. L’EV Berneau est sauvé peu après par le quartier-maître Malgorn qui revint à bord à la nage et par l’enseigne de vaisseau Dubisson, de l’Amphitrite, qui se jeta à l’eau pour lui venir en aide.

Le corps du LV Guittet coule avec son navire. Porté disparu, le 4 décembre 1942, son corps est retrouvé le 24 août 1943, lors du renflouement de la Psyché. Il est déclaré mort le 8 novembre 1942, par jugement déclaratif de décès (n°32853) rendu par le tribunal de première instance de Casablanca, le 25 août 1943.

Famille

Il épouse en décembre 1936 Geneviève Dorguin de Laveau (1910-1942)

Distinctions

  • Chevalier de la Légion d’honneur à titre posthume
  • Croix de guerre 1939-1945
  • Citation à l’ordre de l’armée de Mer par ordre 1095 FMF/3 du 27 novembre 1942 :

« Au cours de l’attaque de l’Afrique du Nord le 8 novembre 1942, par des forces anglo-américaines très supérieures, a combattu jusqu’au sacrifice total, donnant à tous un magnifique exemple de courage et d’abnégation. »

Hommages

Son nom apparaît sur la plaque à la mémoire de la Psyché et son équipage, sur le monument aux sous-mariniers de Toulon.

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