INVESTIGATION ON THE OCCURENCE OF HEAVY METALS IN YOGHURT SOLD

ABSTRACT

24 samples of different brands of yoghurt were collected from 2 popular Lagos market and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for the determination of heavy metals i.e. Lead, Cadmium and Chromium.   100% of the samples were found to have the concentration of heavy metals below the safe limit recommended by world health Organization (WHO).  The concentration of Lead, Cadmium and Chromium fall between 0.52ppm – 0.92ppm, 0.14ppm – 0.49ppm and 0.26ppm – 0.75ppm respectively.  The group mean of concentration of each elements (Lead, Cadmium and Chromium) in all brands are 0.70ppm, 0.27ppm and 0.41ppm respectively.  This findings suggest that the concentration of all the heavy metals in yoghurt falls within the safe limits.  The recommended Lead (pb), Cadmium and Chromium are 0.2 – 2.0ppm, 0.5ppm and 1.0ppm respectively according to World Health Organisation, but the relatively increase of Lead (pb) in yoghurt could be attributed to the industrialized status of Lagos State which if not checked might lead to greater value eventually.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

1.0    Introduction

1.1   Background of Study

1.2   Statement of Problems

1.3   Research Objectives

1.4   Research Question

1.5   Research Hypothesis  

1.6   Scope of Study

1.7   Significance of study

1.8   Limitation of study

1.9   Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

2.0   Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE

3.0   Research methodology

3.1   Research Design

3.2   Population of study

3.3   Sampling Design and Procedure

3.4   Data Collection Instrument

3.5   Administration of Data Collection Instrument

3.6   Methods of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0   Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1   Data Presentation 

4.2   Test of Hypothesis 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0   Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1   Summary

5.2   Conclusion

5.3    Recommendation

References

Questionnaire

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