CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
To
a large extent, the social, economics, and political development of a country
depend on the quality of man power that it has at disposal. In commenting on
this ‘‘Kuznets’’ said the major man power of an industrially, advanced country
is not it’s physical equipment, it is the body of knowledge harnessed from
tested findings and discoveries of science and the certainty of training of its
population to use the knowledge.
The
important of manpower has forced countries to invest in manpower and training
for example, countries in the developing world emphasize training of quality
manpower because they believe that availability of skilled manpower would
increase the productivity of workers.
Nigerian
government has invested on it and has done this by offering training
scholarship and encouraging state government to operate manpower training
schemes. This effort led to the establishment of the federal training center in
2008 in Nigeria.
In
the second development plan [2003-2007] the government also established three
parastatals to train manpower both in private and public sector. These
includes; the Industrial Training Fund [ITF], Nigeria Council of Management
Development and Administrative Staff college of Nigeria (ASCON). These
institutions were established in 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectively. Then
importance given to training and staff development in any organization cannot
be over emphasized.
Indeed, training
is an investment rather than a cost to any organization. In commenting on this,
“Oshisami”
said that training is an investment and that investment is a commitment of
resources to be generated in the future. With training as an investment, the
commitment constitutes the cost of training.
The asset
acquired can be regarded as education, skill, mental or managerial capability,
while the expected future stream of increased earnings constitutes the
benefits.
International
Tobacco Company was established in 2004 in Nigeria and was firstly registered
as Kwara Tobacco Company Limited. The building of the factory and its offices
and installation of machinery took place during 2005 in a site in the
industrial area at Ilorin and production of cigarette commenced early 2006.
Meanwhile, the company was commission on the 8th of May, 2008, and
was presided over by His Excellency and late Sir AhmaduBello
the Sarduna of Sokoto. The company was owned by the United African Company
Limited in partnership with the Northern Nigeria Investment Limited. Kwara
Tobacco Company introduced a market during the following years and a staff of
about two hundred and twenty one people. In April 2008, Philip Morris
incorporated purchased controlling interest in the company.
Philip Morris is one of the largest
Cigarette Companies in the world with its headquarters in New York, United
States of America. Philip Morris Cigarettes are sold in virtually every country
of the world and are manufactured in over thirty-three countries. After
becoming part of this organization, the name of the company was changed to
Philip Morris Nigeria with the research facilities and technical knowledge of
Philip Morris available. Philip Morris Nigeria embarked in a large scale
expansion to increase the production capacity of the factory to produce the
different types of cigarette and pectin required for the Nigerian market and to
ensure that the quality of its products would meet international standards.
The
marketing leaf, account personnel, engineering and purchasing departments have
expanded accordingly and the head office of the company is now situated at 7up
building Apapa Lagos.
In
companies with the indigenization decree, 40% of the shares were sold to
Nigerian, including the employees of the company. Consequently the name of the
company was changed to International Cigarette Company Limited in 2008 but the
company retained the Anme Philip Morris Nigeria as its
trading name.
1.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE COMPANY
The
organizational structure of International Tobacco Company, started with the
board of Directors who were appointed by the company shareholders and are
directly responsible to the vice chairman assisted by the secretary. They are
also responsible to the board of Directors.
Meanwhile, the
vice chairman in the necessity is the director such as the technical director,
the marketing director, the general sales director, the personnel director, and
the financial and commercial directors.
Administrative
manager, factory personnel manager and corporate affairs manager are under personnel
director. These managers are responsible solely to the personnel director and
nobody else.
1.3 PRODUCTION PLANNING OF THE INDUSTRY
Production
planning and its control may be defined as the firm’s material and facilities
towards the attainment of specific production of goods and services in the most
easily available ways. Ten, this will show how to embark on the actual
production. International Tobacco Company, using the present and past record
postulates what the future would look like and what to produce in future.
International
Tobacco Company planning usually starts from the marketing section. It embarks
on marketing output which the market comfortably absorbs the firm requisition for the quantity
of raw material, labour, capital expenditure etc. that must be met. Meanwhile,
it should be noted that ITC Ilorin, has a leaf growing areas that supplies high
quantity Tobacco to the factory. The department provides manpower for the
companies research and development farm at Odo-Giwa as well as provision of
agricultural extension service to Tobacco Farmers located in Tobacco growing
areas throughout the nation. The specialization major brands of cigarette are
link plain Maribaro green sport and target cigarette.
1.4 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
The international
Tobacco Company plays a dominant role in the economic well being in Africa,
especially Nigeria. Besides the staff training and development embraces all the
steps that are necessary to increase the capabilities of individuals and
institutions to attain corporate objectives. Training and development needs
program designed to meet the needs and implementation and evaluation of the
program. A planned training and development process generally that the task of
staff training as become a major management problem all over the world that
organization that seeks to achieve success cannot afford to overlook.
The researcher
wants to look into some problems to setting the International Tobacco Company
in the area of staff training and development as thus; the staff training and
development program related to efficient job by higher productivity in
International Tobacco Company and the company most improved through staff
training programme.
1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
objective of this study can identify or establish and the impact of the
training on workers’ productivity and the problem in the International Tobacco
Company. Then, making the identification or to take the assessment of the
impact of staff training on the workers productivity organization.
Meanwhile,
the notification will be made to the organization to pay maximum attention to
the training and development of its staffs and officers for effective
administration and that training should not be limited to the senior officers
but also to be extended to the lower officers of the personnel who form the
bedrock of the company’s work force.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
research shows that a well trained staff will enable the organization achieve
its laudable objectives. Every organizations return on investment in training
is most needed.
Besides,
no organization can spend money for the fun of it. Such investments are made on
staff training to acquire knowledge and skill which he would plough back into
the organization through the improved performance.
Furthermore,
the study will stimulate further research in the areas of impact of staff
trainings on workers’ productivity in the International Tobacco Company which
is the significance of the study.
1.7 HYPOTHESIS OF THE SYUDY
By using this
hypothesis, the following must be tested. These are:
1.
There is a relationship
between training and motivation to perform.
2.
There is a relationship
goal achievement of the organization that has training programme than those
that do not have.
3.
Then, it shows the
relationship between training programme and mode of productivity.
4.
There is a relationship
between training opportunity and workers attitude to stay.
Assumption:
Such organization always have stable devoted and effective workforce as a
result of encouragement of their staff training and development programme.
1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The
areas of making this research are limited to the impact on training on workers’
productivity in International Tobacco Company Limited, Ilorin. The groups of
the people that encompass in this company include the top management staff, the
middle staff and the operatives of the company.
When
we are talking of the top management, these are the director and the controller
of the company while the middle management comprises or shows the senior
managers and the junior managers who we know as supervising level. Then, on the
operative’s level, these are the workers which are the clerk, mechanist,
factories workers and so on. They have 269 workers presently and this company
is regarded as homogenous company and we can see that by making the fact of
this company we see that training and development in Ilorin here is more the
same with any branch throughout Nigeria.
1.9 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The
limitations of the study were attributed to the following factors:
1.
Fund:
Due to the financial constraints, the
research was conducted in specific areas because the researcher cannot afford
to visit all the Tobaccos Company’s in the Country
2.
Federal
Government Policy: The information are
due to the Federal Governments decision which was pronounced by former health
minister that Tobacco Companies will no more be allowed or be given chance to
sponsor any social function or advertisement because of its ills to health on
the celebration of the world. And the company believes that this policy will
greatly affect or take them down on their sales.
1.10HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND OF THE CASE STUDY
The
tobacco company restaurant proudly celebrates over 30 years as Richards
landmarks claiming and entertainment venue. On the cormer of 12th
and cary street in down town Richmond was once old abandoned tobacco warehouse.
The four-storey building was renovated to embody the spirit of south
hospitality and charm and is considered by most to be the cornerstone of the
historic snockoe ship district.
The native people of the Americans
considered tobacco we now began used it in their religions practices. Today,
experts believe that the tobacco. We now began to use it in their religious
practices. Today experts believe that time tobacco we know began growing about
8000 years ago. Although other plant around the world contains small amount of
nicotine, the drug in tobacco is a native only to the America’s
An early explorer of the Americas,
rod-igo dejerez brought the habit of smoking tobacco back to Spain around 1504.
By 1511, smoking was popular throughout spain, and by 1531, Europeans were
cultivating tobacco was used as medicine. It was given to patients in a variety
of ways, from smoking to enemas. It was believed to be an effective treatment for colic, neptritis, hysteria, hernia,
breath, lockjaw, and cancer, among other illnesses.
As early as 1602, however, a connetion
was made between the cancers and lung diseases suffered by chimmy sweeps
(caused by soot) and illness that
could have been caused by tobacco. As its popularity grew, tobacco gained
value. In the American colonies, tobacco, was as money throughout the 19th
and 18th centuries. Infact, in Virginia in 1619, the very first
American thanksgiving celebrated a good tobacco crop.
Acceptance of tobacco use was less than
unanimous in 1998, shan segi purnished two merchant is for selling tobacco by
pouring hot lead down. Their throat. In 2005. Czar alexis of Rusia created new
penalties for smaoking for the first offense, the transportation was whipping, for second offense was execution . a chinesse regulation
of 2001 made the use of distribution of tobacco punishable by decapitation. By
the china and it remained popul;ar there until the early 20th
century.
Tobacco was first used by the peoples of
the pre-columbian Americans apparently cultivated the plant and smoked it in
pipes for medicinal and ceremonial purposes.
Christopher Columbus brought a far
tobacco leaves and seds with him back to
Europe until the mid-16th nicot –for whom meotine is named began to popularize its use. Tobacco
was controlled to trance in 2000. Portugal in 2006 and spain in 1999 and
England in 2001