CHAPTER ONE
1.1
Background
to the Study.
The History
of the Local Government in
can be conveniently traced to the native administrative system introduced by
the colonial government during the colonial era.
After
the amalgamation in 1914, Lugard proceeded to extend the system of indirect
rule to southern .
In , Lugard saw the Yoruba states headed by the
Oba who traditionally owed some allegiance to the Alafin of Oyo as set-up
similar to the Northern emirates under the Sultan of Sokoto. So, using the Obas
as Emirs, he imposed his system of indirect rule in the west. But it did not
prove successful as in the North. This most of the already independent Obas of
Yoruba land were not prepared to countenance. The situation was even worsened
when the British made
subordinate to Oyo. The study shall examine the pre-1991 Local Government
system in
and the performance of Local Government in terms of development under both the Military
and Civilian Administration.
The
focus shall be on Ibadan North East Local Government administration.
In
1975, there was nothing like Ibadan North East Local Government, because it was
not in existence during that period (1975) it was the local government that
existed in
when
became a country.
Oral
tradition has it that when
became a country from 1861 to 1914, the Local Government in
was called Ibadan District Council (I.D.C).
From
1914 to 1960 when
got independence Ibadan District Council was changed to Ibadan Native
Authority. Then from 1960 to February 1976 when 19 states were created in
Nigeria, it was called Ibadan City Council (I.C.C) and from February 1976 to
1991, Ibadan City Council was changed to Ibadan Municipal Government and from
Tuesday August 27th 1991, Ibadan Municipal Government was former had
been recognized as a leading Yoruba state in the 1890s.
Secondly,
the British thought that the Yoruba Oba possessed autocratic powers as the
Fulani Emir. But the Oba’s powers were limited for he could not act without the
consent of his council of traditional title-holders. So, the British could not
control his people by controlling him.
Above
all, the idea of taxation, without which Indirect Rule could not function, was
strongly disliked and was only slowly and reluctantly accepted.
Going
down the memory lane, it was recorded that the native Authority system
continued until 1976 reforms which attempted to find solution to the problems
of Local Government in Nigeria split into 5 Local Government. Namely:
Ibadan
South East Local Government with its headquarters in
Ibadan
North Local Government with its headquarters at Bodija
Ibadan
North West Local Government with its headquarters at Onireke and finally,
Ibadan South West Local Government with its headquarters at , .
It
is important to acknowledge that out of these above Local Governments, our
concern here is Ibadan North East Local Government.
Ibadan
North East Local Government was created on 27thAugust 1991, by the
administration of former Head of State General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida. It
was carved out of the defunct Ibadan Municipal Government and derived its name
from the metropolitan nature of the area. It covered then (12km radius with the
Mapo as the centre).
The
local Government has its administrative headquarter located along the Iwo Road
axis of Ibadan a major entry point through, Ife/Ibadan express way end of the
Oyo State Capital.
The
inhabitants of the local Government are predominantly Yoruba, although it is
highly heterogeneous, accommodating people from various other tribes who either
engage in commercial activities or work in the public service,
1.2
Aims
and Objective of the Study.
Following
are the objectives of the study
1. To
examine the pre-1991 Local Government System in : Ibadan District Council, Ibadan
Native Authority, Ibadan City Council, Ibadan Municipal Government
2. To provide General information of the Military
Regime of Ibadan North East Local Government.
3. To
describe the Civilian Regime of Ibadan North East Local Government.
1.3
Scope
And Limitation of the Study
The
study will cover the pre-1991 local government system in : Ibadan District Council, Ibadan Native
authority,
City council as well as Ibadan Municipal Government.
On
the course of writing this thesis there were many limitation factors that research
was encountered. Apart from financial and time constraint of the researcher,
several difficulties were encountered on the course of interviewing the
interviewer off the study.
There
were several problems encountered during the process of data collection
process. The researcher found it very difficult to collect adequate information
or data about all the previous administrators of Ibadan North East Local
Government apart from the incumbent chairman Hon. Gbenga Ayinde Adewusi. Some
informant did not divulge all the needed materials or information’s about the
subject matters because they counted such information sacred and confidential,
making it difficult to get some certain facts.
Furthermore,
the archival materials concerning Ibadan North East Local Government were not
available except ones on the Nigeria Local Government. Some of the materials
were not completed owing to age and leading to constraining information
gathering secondary information, gathering to be. This is because the closet
library, the schools library did not have in stock adequate relevant materials.
This has caused me to have to travel to
to make use of the main library of the of
and that of
of .
Despite
the above mentioned difficulties with much efforts and determination, I was able
to gather enough information to write this project.
1.4
Research
Methodology
A work
of this magnitude required the use of historical methodology in data
collection. And this was judiciously used to execute this research work. For
most researchers was able to consult the of
library for text books and literature such as journals, old newspapers in the
University library to have a pre-requisite understanding of the history of the
local government
Consequently,
in the course of writing this project, I embarked on the use oral sources and
other published materials to explore my- research work which was one of the
sources of getting historical fact of the people therefore, both primary and
secondary sources were used in writing this project in the course of writing
this project, I embarked on interviewing fourteen people.
1.5
Literature
Review
In writing
this project, secondary materials have not been so adequate, particular those
that directly deal with the topic understudy. This is not withstanding in the
books and other materials I had gathered, I have found a whole lot of help in
them. Importantly, the hand books on Ibadan North East Local Government
Incorporating highlights on the indelible foot prints of Hon. Olugbenga Ayinde
Adewusi is particularly written to include a lot of the administration of Hon.
Gbenga Ayinde Adewusi popularly known or called ”Arole”. To a great extent, it
provides a lot to this work, the background history of the Ibadan North East
Local Government. Apart from that, the Local Government administration in
Nigeria Incorporating contemporary issues in Governance and National Directory
of Nigeria Local Government Councils edited by Tayo Orekoya and Tony Agbugba
also contributed immensely to the opening aspect of this essay.
The
book which is reviewing the economic and political aspects of the Local
Government right from the start of the colonial rule gives fact and figure of
the relationship was like between the British and Africans in Nigeria in that
period.
Furthermore,
other books contributed to work apart from the afore mentioned for example, a
study of British Indirect rule in Oyo province 1894-1934 are book works on
imperialism in Yoruba land in colonial
period.
Apart
from the materials mentioned above monumental impact. A compendium of Enduring
Legacies of a Distinctive Democrat on Ibadan North East Local Government and
Ibadan North East Local Government: “Heartily felicitate with on the
occasion of the celebration At 50 in regard of His Excellence Dr. Goodluck
Ebele Jonathan” are all books and thesis used in writing this work. All of them
recorded past administrators and chairmen at a glance of Ibadan North East
Local Government and the achievements of those past administrative chairmen
including Hon. Olugbenga Ayinde Adewusi and how much these administrators have
contributed positively to the standard of living of the Local Government.
The
book traces the Local Government Administration and also give us the relevant
information of Ibadan North East Local Government. The book also gives us the
detail that the present Local Government system in is dated back to 1952 when
the system was patterned along the British model which is based on the
principle of indirect rule. It also recorded that the native authority system
continued until 1976 reforms which attempted to find solution to the problems
of local Government in .
In addition: the pamphlet and handbook compiled by information division Ibadan
North East Local Government Agodi Ibadan titled The Ibadan North East Local
Government also contributed a lot in writing this project. The book traces the
origin of Ibadan North East Local Government and the past administrators and
chairmen at glance both military and civilian regime. It also gives us the details
about the British statistics of the five new Local Government created from the
Ibadan Municipal Government. It also traces the Geography/Economy/the
Education, Medical and Health matters of the Ibadan North East Local
Government. It shows us the Wards Delineation and the Map of Ibadan North East
local government.