How to install a septic system

Although you can install your own septic tank, we recommend professional installation due to the amount of expertise and specialized equipment needed. In this article, we’ll discuss the types of septic systems available to homeowners and the process and cost behind installation.

The general rule of thumb is that most septic tanks can be buried anywhere from four inches to four feet underground.

Common residential septic tanks range in size from 750 gallons to 1,250 gallons. A septic tank is a self-contained unit designed to hold residential wastewater. The system is comprised of two main components: the tank and the drain, or soil absorption field.

Herbaceous plants, such as annuals, perennials, bulbs and ornamental grasses are generally the best choices for use on a septic drain field. Ornamental grasses also offer the advantages of having a fibrous root system that holds soil in place, and providing year-round cover.

Planting over a septic leach field (drain field) is possible if it is done with care. Although turf grass is the typical choice, a variety of other herbaceous perennials, annuals and groundcovers can be safely and effectively planted. Vegetable gardening over a leach field is not recommended.

You definitely shouldn’t plant large shrubbery or trees anywhere near your septic tank. Any trees planted in your yard should be at least as far away from the septic tank as the tree is tall. For example, a 20-foot-tall tree should be planted at least 20 feet away from the septic tank.

Trees. Only a few trees are considered safe for septic systems, and they are deep-rooted trees like cherry, crabapple, dogwood, oak, olive, palm trees and pine trees.

Fruit Trees, Japanese Maples and Oak Trees

While it is possible to plant the three trees above near your septic tank, it can be tricky. It’s best to skip the Japanese maple, as these are extremely well-known for their pipe clogging abilities. Other types of fruit trees aren’t going to be a very good match either.

Floating decks, which are essentially freestanding wooden platforms built at grade or just above-grade, should not be built over a septic tank. The weight of the deck on the supports can displace and disturb the septic system’s ability to properly treat and drain waste.

Don’t Build or Place Anything Heavy on Your Drainfield

To maintain the integrity and longevity of your drainfield, you should never put anything heavy on top of any part of it. You shouldn’t even drive over the drainfield, as the vehicle can crush the drainfield lines. Heavy items cause soil compaction.

Adding gravel, bark or other fill over the drainfield can disrupt the soil’s process and may harm your system. Only the addition a very thin layer of topsoil is acceptable. Never plant vegetable gardens on or near a drainfield. This type of wastewater is best kept away from any plants you plan on ingesting.