How do you cite et al in apa

The phrase “et al.” is used with in-text citations only when referencing a source that has three or more authors. Include the name of only the first author’s last name plus “et al.” in every citation.

Citing Works With Three or More Authors

Include only the last name of the first author, followed by “et al.” and the year published in all narrative and parenthetical citations APA. Note: The reference entry should list the names of up to 20 authors.

APA 7th ed. in-text citations for works with three or more authors include only the first author name and “et al.” (which means “and others” in Latin) is used in all citations, including the first in-text citation: (Smith et al., 2019). Smith et al.

When you have 3 or more authors, you only use the first author’s surname in text, and abbreviate the rest of the list with “et al.” (Latin for “and others”). In your reference list, you list all of the authors (up to 20).

In MLA style, always use “et al.” for sources with three or more authors. This applies both to in-text citations and in the Works Cited list.

Modern Language Association (MLA) Style Manual: For research papers having three or more authors, MLA states that, for the reference list, the first author’s surname should be cited, followed by a comma, then the rest of the name, followed by “et al.” For in-text citations, the first author’s surname is followed by “et …

Note that et al. is italicized in this post when I am using it as a linguistic example, but it should not be italicized when you are using it as part of a reference citation. General Use of Et Al. … upon subsequent citations; and articles with six or more authors are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al.

For a work with one or two authors, include the author name(s) in every citation. For a work with three or more authors, include the name of only the first author plus “et al.” in every citation, including the first citation, unless doing so would create ambiguity.

To avoid ambiguity, the names of as many authors as necessary to distinguish the sources should be used in each citation before abbreviation with et al. For example: (Smith, Jones, & Brown, 2018). (Smith, Jones, Brown, Anderson et al., 2018).

Another key thing to note is that most major style guides (including APA, MLA, the Chicago Manual of Style, and Harvard) do not require et al. to be italicized. However, some field-specific publications require the italicization of the phrase, so it’s always a good thing to double-check. Using et al.

APA in-text citation style uses the author’s last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005). For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14).

When citing multiple works parenthetically, place the citations in alphabetical order, separating them with semicolons. Arrange two or more works by the same authors by year of publication. Place citations with no date first, followed by works with dates in chronological order.

When there are three to five authors, use all of their last names in the first citation, and afterwards use the first author’s name with et al. … When there are six or more authors, use only the first author’s name and et al, placing a comma before the date.

In-text citations include the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. “Here’s a direct quote” (Smith 8). If the author’s name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title. Follow the same formatting that was used in the Works Cited list, such as quotation marks.

Unknown Author

If the work does not have an author, cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses. Titles of books and reports are italicized; titles of articles, chapters, and web pages are in quotation marks.

Formatting Author information:

Always list the author’s surname before listing his or her initials. You only need to provide initials for the first and middle names, but do include initials for all middle names provided by the source. Include a comma after every last name and in-between different authors’ names.