ABSTRACT
The aim of this project is to enrich Nigerian menu
with the use of soyabeans. Using semovita as control for soyabeans flour for
the production of Amala, and using corn flour as control for soyabeans flour
for the production of moinmoin. It is hoped that the findings would make these
dishes from the above food materials known, accepted and included in the
Nigerian menu in such a place like homes.
Attempts were made to review relevant literatures to
provide information in all areas covered by this work. Different measures that
were used are 50/50, 100%. The taste panels were requested to evaluate such
qualities which include appearance, taste, colour, flavour, texture.
It was discovered that the dishes made from taste,
colour, flavour, texture. It was discovered that the dishes made from these
food commodities had flavour, looked colourful, palatable and presentable.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.1
Introduction 1
1.2
Background information 5
1.3
Statement of the
problem 7
1.4
Aims and objectives 8
1.5
Purpose of the study 9
1.6
Significance of the
study 9
1.7
Scope and limitation of
the study 11
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
Literature review 13
2.1
History of soyabeans in
Nigeria 18
2.2
The need of soyabeans in Nigeria diet 20
2.3
The importance of
soyabeans in Nigeria diet. 21
2.4
The processing of
soyabeans grains for
domestic
uses. 22
2.5
The need to increase
and enrich menu 23
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Methodology 25
3.1
preparation of
soyabeans flour 26
CHPATER FOUR
4.1
Analysis and
interpretation of data/
Treatment
of result 32
4.2
Sensory evaluation 32
4.3
Result and discussion 33
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1
Summary of finding 40
5.2
Conclusion 41
5.3
Recommendation 43
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1
INTRODUCTION
Soya beans have come to play a prominent role in our
daily diet because of the nutritional value it contributes to various dishes.
Soya beans can be processed into many products such
as milk, cheese which comes as an extract from soya milk and can also be used
in making soya moin moin, soya beans Amala with soya Egusi/Ugwu soup.
Soya beans belong to the family edible seeds of the
leguminous plants and the word is derived from the Latin word (legumes). It has
been found that the biological value of its protein is known to be very high
and much higher than those of other vegetable protein and from animal origin
because it contains practically all the essential amino acids in fairly good
amount for body needs.
Cereal proteins which constitute the major protein
source for people in many developing countries are generally of a relatively
low quality because they lack-adequate amounts of the essential amino acid
especially lysine. How ever, they contain relatively low protein, and other
sulphur amino acids.
Therefore, consuming a mixture of soya beans protein
the nutritional quality of the protein from either source can upgrade the
nutrition of the people who now subsist on protein deficient diets especially
in Nigeria.
Realizing the importance of adequate consumption of
high quality protein food is the maintenance of good health; effort should be
made to utilize potentially good and cheap sources of proteins.
It is therefore necessary to investigate how soya
beans could be put to use to complement the deficiency in the protein of our
staple food like yam, cassava, maize e.t.c further more, with the difficult of
obtaining imported food these days, the use of soya beans in enriching meal can
break Nigerian menu monopoly and go a long way in saving substantial foreign
exchange for Nigeria.
However, protein content is only one of the factors
that make soyabeans a potential answer to inadequate nutrition. As with many
food, soyabeans should not be considered as a
sole sources of nutrition, but when
combined with other foods,
soyabeans especially as a protein sources can go a long way in upgrading the nutrition of
million of people throughout the world.
Management of the hotel and catering industry can not
deny that sales of food and beverages, which accounts for some percentage of
income to the hotel has been declining due to exorbitant price which accounts
from the meat prepared. Soyabeans products which are equally good nutritionally
as those from animal origin and cheaper will go along way
in reducing the cost
of the food thereby increasing
the patronage and profit margin of hotel
industry.
v
To show the quickest
method of producing dishes from
soyabeans.
v
To promote the
acceptability of soybeans supplement in strict vegetarian diet.
v
To make Nigeria be
aware of the improved recipe made from maize
v
To document and update
the new products obtained from soya beans.
v
To produce cheap
protein to the low income earner.
v
To increase sufficient
food of protein origin to the masses
1.2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION
According to history, soyabeans was not recognized in
Nigeria until recent years when compare with other legumes soya beans has the
highest biological value. According to Iweje (2004), Soya beans is said to be native of Oriental countries though
small in size, it gives complete protein.
It is found in America, Asia e.t.c, and these
countries depend on it for oil making. These countries depend on soya beans not
only for oil making but also the hay is used for live stock feed.
When soya beans were introduced in India in 2003, it
was a failure until scientists looked into the weather of the area, the soil
richness and was then corrected (I.A.D.P 2002).
In Nigeria, two sites were shown in 2000, but due to
heavy rain and seed damage from pod sucking bugs the exercise resulted to
severe and great loss. The two sites are IITA and Mokwa (IITA 2001). The Institute
for Agricultural Research (I.A.R) Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) has to check on
the sites.
The introduction of soya beans to Kwara state was on
the 12th September, 1984 by a senior officer of the I.A.D.P and soya
beans scientists from the university of Ife, institute of Agricultural
resources and training (I.AR.T) and the international institute of tropical
agricultural (IITA) (IADP 2000).
In conclusion, soya beans have no problem to its
production as such that is the more reason why the knowledge of the production
of soyabeans comes into existence for the benefit of the society.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Soyabeans is an excellent source of protein both in
quantity and quality, it still have some problems.
Soyabeans lack gluten and are low in starch and
consequently they have very low binding ability. They are combined with high
binding cereal e.g. Corn flour, semovita flour e.t.c. This combination not only
produces very good cooking qualities but it also improves the nutritive value
of the food.
Another problem of soya beans is flam’s. Flatulent
is the generating gases in stomach or intestine after eating soyabeans. Flatus
is a problems associated with nearly all species of bean. It is caused by
fermentation of low molecular sugar (oligosaccharides) flatulence can be reduce
after the soya beans must have been soaked and deloused before using.
1.4
AIMS
AND OBJECTIVES
The primary aims of the research work is to enlighten
the caterers and individuals on various standards recipes that can be developed
using soyabeans flour in a unique manner that will maintain the nutritional value
and also improve flavour and taste of it products like soya Amala, Soya moin moin.
–
To shed more light on
the different types of products that can be used in soyabeans like animal feed,
babies food.
–
To evaluate the level
of acceptability of products made from soyabeans.
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the study is aimed at enriching
dishes from Nigeria stable foods. To consider the use of our local food
commodities in producing variety of dishes which could be obtain from the use
of stable foods.
– To
produce attractive dishes which encourage good health and nourishment to the
body.
– To
make use of staple foods which are in season and reasonably cheap?
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Hard times as regards to high cost of foods in the
country have opened the eyes of many to see the benefit of soyabeans as a
better substitute than most other legumes. The knowledge of processing and uses
of soyabeans for different types of menu is very important at this period, when
the government is stressing on the point of self-reliance.
When we consider the economic importance of soya beans
to the nation as a whole both the nutritive value and the revenue generating
aspects, one will find the means of how and ways in which soyabeans can be
utilized.
According to Kipps (2003) the most expensive food constitutes are vitamins, Minerals,
Protein and fat and soyabeans is very rich in all of these soyabean are
relatively cheap. It is therefore very important to find out the various
processing of soyabeans.
Soyabeans can be used for various things e.g. soya milk,
soya cheese e.t.c.
Consumption of soya beans can also helps to prevent
certain disease in people e.g. heart disease.
In conclusion, soya beans can be also be used by
individual operators for the manufacture of paints, varnishes soaps, cosmetics,
printing inks adhesive and glues (IADP2000).
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The research work was intended to emphasis on
enriching Nigeria menu with the use of soyabeans. The study will also covers
methods of processing these soyabeans flour, suggest food recipes that can be
made from these flour and suggest the best proportion of combing the flour.
Certain factors that may hinder the expansion of
this project work beyond the scope mentioned above are financial constrains,
time constrains and also the problem of difficulty in retrieving some essential
facts from respondents who may not willing to divulge certain facts concerning
the production of soyabeans flour.
Chapter one of these projects will convey to the
reader the origin, introduction, needs for the study and the areas of
concentration.