CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Buklin
(1968) defined distribution as the set of institutions which participate in
marketing activities undertaken in the point of consumer.
However, Valen J.G (1976) define
distribution as the system which include those organization that are involved
in the flow of good and services from their introduction into the economy
system to their consumption.
Again, Arowomolo and Ebelokun 1997
defines distribution as the route, avenue or pathways through which goods and
services in order to allow consumer get satisfied and towards the realization
of company set objective or gaols it can also be said to be interrelated
activities that facilitate movement of goods and services, it is however, noted
that in the channel of distribution we have different number of intermediaries
between a producer and buyer, that is producer wholesaler-retailer consumer
channel, also we have two tupe of channel of distribution which are direct
channel and in direct channel. The direct channel have been written abovea s
from the producer down to whole sale to there tailer then to the consumer,
while he individual channel too have also been written above as right from the
producer straight to the consumer.
Although, distribution has been
described as the routh thorugh the ownership of products can be transferred
when it move from point of on gin to point of final consumption. These have
brint out the salient point that distribution of goods, manufacture product
will not get to their consumer wholemand and the product or the services in
conclusion, it can be said that distribution is a strategy on managerial system
in with all is distribution decision
1.2 BACKGROUND
TO THE STUDY
It
should be noted that information is a critican commodity upon which the
distribution system of our country () depend. This established
the importance of the design and development of effective distribution as avariable
in marketing of perishable product and ahs led to the recognition of system
analysis as an important and growing career field for the system professional.
However, in the early 1980’s the
distribution system has face even greater challenges them did those of preceding
decades we have entered a period of accelerated
exchanges in the social, economic, politically legal and technological
environment in which our distribution system must excel in order to meet the
requirement standard set by the marketing association of Nigeria CM.AN) this is
because in all areas changes in occurring rapidly.
Because of these contemporary events, we
feel that it appropriate to write this project title. Effective distribution as
a variable in marketing of perishable product”. And the Ayodeme’s famr offa
Kwara project will help in the following areas:
1.
Telling us the
historical background of distribution system
2.
Knowing the various
channels that can be performed on the computer system.
3.
Having how the various/
series of chennl are performed with the reference to out case study (Ayomide
farm offa Kwara state).
4.
Telling the usefulness
of the perfomed channels and recommendation it to researchers at the (Ayomide
farm offa Kwara state).
All these are
necessary because of the trend at which distribution system is growing to balling
so that people in the third world countries particularly Nigeria are to left
behind.
1.3 STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Inspite
of the benefit derived from the effective channel of distribution by problems.
They are still faced with some problems these are the problem of channel,
choice transportation adoption of the middlemen, in distribution and poor
disposable consumer income.
How over, intermediaries like whole
salers, while distribution increase cost per unit of goods as against the cost
at which they were supplied by the producer. It must then be rooted that, in choosing
any channel ,there are certain on teria which some organization may not put
into consideration. It is also necessary to embark on the right channel for the
right product or services at the right time and place been delivered.
1.4 OBJECTIVE
OF THE STUDY
The
aims of the research study is purpose to ascertain the effective distribution
of perishable product that is, egg thurkey, Guinea fowl Duck and ehiken frozen
ones machieving organization objectives fact will be collected on the practice
of Ayomide’s farm product and the study is to analysis the following.
The best way through which perishable
good (egg frozen checken duck, Guenea fowl and turkey) could be distributed
channel used in the distribution of this out inod product, the total area
covered the distribution channel in term of sales.
Essentially, this research work will be
looking into the system of how effective is mechannel being need in term of
cost benefit objectives control objectives and continually objectives.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
A
number of significant improvement can be seen on the economic process of this
country especially in agricultural sector.
The Nigeria Agricultural sector has
witnessed adynamic growth over the years and as each farm spring fourth,
competition for market is increases.
Therefore, it is highly necessary for
each form to ensure good productivity and effective channel of distribution in
order to withstand the increase competition.
However, channel of distribution provide
information about the market, this leads to better services because the
producers for example would be able to know customer want and modify this
product suite their want needs. Channel member provide storage facilities for
keeping goods from production time to purchasing time. They also involved in
breaking the bulk that is breaking of homogenous supply down into smaller lots.
This research work will be examining the
distribution activities of Ayomide farm produce. The project will examine the
channel of distribution and physical distribution system operation by the
poultry farm. The product plannigna nd development of product life cycle.
However, the scope of the study means
the area which the research intends to cover.
Furthermore, the study suppose to cover
the channel of distribution of al poultry from but for the purpose of the
project work the research work will be limited to the study of Ayomide’s farm
production due to uncontrollable elements and non response problem moreso, this
can be attributed to the cost of transportation time factors and continuous
increase in cost of material needed.
1.7
DEFINITION
OF TERM:
1.71
AGENTS:
is one the guarantees payment to his principal or goods sound on his behalf
1.72 CHANNELS: This
is a way by which goods are taken from there place of production to the people
who actually want to make use of them.
1.73 CONSUMER:
A person who buys goods or uses services
1.74 DISTRIBUTION:
the movement of raw material to the place of manufacturer and of finished to consumer.
1.75 GOODS: These
are commodity or services for which there is a demand.
1.76 INTERMEDIARIES OR
MIDDLEMEN: these are the whole sales and retailer
who are in-between the manufacturer or producer and the final consumer on the
production and distribution of product.
1.77 Marketing: American
marketing association defines marketing as the process of planning and exacting
the connectional pricing promotion and distribution of ideas goods and services
to create exchange that satisfy individual and organizational goals.
1.78 PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION:
implies the activities concerned with moving the right amount of the right
product to the right place at the right time.
1.79 PRODUCT:
A product as defined by “Philip Kotter” and something that can satisfy customer
needs and wards.
1.80 Retailer:
this may be defined as that trader who buy goods in small quantity from the
wholesaler or direct from manufacturer and sells in unit to the public or final
consumer.
1.81 SERVICE: It
can be defined as an act of performing duties and sold to consumers.
1.82
WHOLESALER:
They can be defined as that trader who
buys goods in large quantity form the manufacturer or producer and sell in
small quantity to the retailer.