ABSTRACT
This
project deals on the design and construction of an intruder detector for home
and office use. Security as one of the biggest issues in our world today and we
need a system that will be able to monitor our home, offices and industries by
using two sensing circuits, touch and motion sensors. These sensors will cheek
for an intruder in two different positions or location and with an alarm system
alerts the user about the presence of an intruder. An intruder detector for
office and home use is a device that detects movement of an object like human
being. Many projects review the concept of intruder detecting system, but this
project deals with the full practical work of the concept to prevent
unauthorized person into a restricted area in our home, Industries, etc.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLE
LIST OF FIGURE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1BACKGROUND OF STUDY 1
1.2OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 2
1.3THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT 2
1.4SCOPE OF PROJECT 3
1.5CONSTRAINTS 3
1.6PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION 3
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 ORIGIN 5
2.2 OVERVIEW 6
2.3 SENSORS 6
2.4 HISTORY
OF SECURITY 7
2.5 BASIC OF
AN INTRUDER SYSTEM 8
2.6
RESIDENTIAL CRIME PREVENTION 9
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN ANALYSIS 11
3.1 DESIGN METHODOLOGY 11
3.2 PROJECT SPECIFICATION:
3.3 HARDWARE SUBSYSTEM 14
3.3.1 THE INPUT INTERFACE DESIGN 16
3.3.2 CHOOSING THE RESISTOR VALUE 17
3.3.3 ANALYSIS 18
3.4
ALARM
UNIT 19
3.4.1 COMPONENTS ANALYSIS 21
3.4.2 DIODES 21
3.4.3 TYPES OF DIODES 22
3.5 LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES
OR LED’S 23
3.4.4 VOLTAGE REGULATORS
3.4.5 TRANSISTORS 30
3.4.6 LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR (LDR) 34
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION 35
4.1 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF PROJECT
LAYOUT 35
4.2 INSTRUCTION 35
CHAPTER FIVE
SYSTEM TESTING 38
5.1 SYSTEM TESTING AND INTEGRATION 38
5.2 TEST PLAN AND TEST DATA 39
5.2.1 COMPONENTS
TEST 39
5.2.2 SYSTEM TEST 40
5.2.3 OTHER TESTS 41
5.3 EXPERIMENTED
RESULT VS ACTUAL RESULT 41
CHAPTER SIX:
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 42
6.1 SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENT 42
6.2 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND SOLUTION 42
6.3 CONCLUSION 43
REFERENCE 44
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
Environmental, home and office
security against intruders has become a thing of individual, national and
international concern. The essence of this project is to provide a cost
effective and more efficient security system in areas like homes, industries
military etc. The application of this project will enhance effectiveness
necessitating to security measures. It relevance, upgrades the conventional
security system to automated system that will require little of human
intervention. This project also builds a platform for further sophistication of
automated security system by detailing all the measures taken in realizing this
system. This will ensure a complete intruder proof system which will take care.
Intruder for home and office use is a
design that detects the presence of an intruder in restricted areas and also
informs the user by triggering an alarm. The system is based on hardware
controller and other electronic design. This hardware controller uses two
sensors, one for human touch sensing and the other for movement. The movement
sensor uses light dependent resistor which must work in hand with a security
light incident to it. With the security light, the system can receive signal
when the intruder is around and translate the received signal from the sensors
to useful information. In this design we have implored the use of hardware
components, creativity and logics to bring about the entire project.
1.2 Aims and Objective
The aim and objective of this project
is to provide a cost effective and efficient security device for home and
office use, to offer its users a
paramount security.
1.3 Scope
The system can sense human touch and
movement then triggers an alarm when powered with a 9v battery. It is a home intruder system that stops
intruders before they get in and can summon help immediately making sure the
family under its protection is absolutely safe.
1.4
Justification of the project
This project
makes it difficult for intruders to break into a home when there is a spotlight
shining down to them. Then with the light dependent resistor that works with
the spot of light, makes this project a home intruder system that keeps
criminals further away from a family.
1.5 Constraint
The biggest setback experienced
during the course of this project is financial difficulties in funding the
design of the project Secondly, sourcing of materials and components used was
not easy. Finding the motion sensor wasn’t an easy task. Some of the components
I used for this project were very difficult to find like the transistor for
buffer. Furthermore, I received a severe electric shock while trying to
interface some circuits into my design that made me to almost give up.