CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
of the Study
Conflict is inevitable in every
society as well as organization. It occurs within groups individuals,
organization, government and even among family members. Conflict between groups
or organization. Potentially improves team dynamism (Mary Ann 2000). Conflict
management skills is necessary for management of conflict in any organization.
For any organization to be effective and efficient performing of its
activities. Here is the need for mutual co-existence and understanding among
members of the organization. However, conflict within an organization can
emerged as a result of individuals difference, ambitions or from villainy
between sub-groups or factions (Dennis, 2006).
Conflict is generated from emotions
and frustration and has a detrimental impact on group or organizational
outcomes i.e. information processing ability. Cognitive function of group
members, attribution of group members behavior group loyalty. Work group
commitment intent to stay in the present organization and job satisfaction
(Jameson 2007).
Organizational conflict is a state of
discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, value and
interests between people working together. Conflict takes many forms in
organization there is the inevitable clash between formal authority and power
and those individual and group. Affected most organizational conflict are as a
result of agitation by workers unions for improve condition of service and
other welfare packages. In the recent past organize labour, government and
owners of enterprise have been constraint with the problem of industrial
conflict, hence conflict resolution as activities of industrial relation become
very necessary following the disagreement between workers and management repetition
(employer and employee) on the matter pertaining to either policy formulation
on the welfare of workers in an organization or workers participation in
decision making process on matters that boarders on their interest and welfare.
Jornab (2007), urges that agitation by
worker unions for improved condition of service and other welfare package are
almost always not in consonance with the interest and expectation of employers
the very foundation of industrial conflicts.
Hence, the need to examine conflict management
in government organizations (ESHDC).
1.2
Statement
of Problem
Productivity in most organization have
comparatively taken a nosedive sequence to frequent industrial conflict, the
frequent agitation by workers for improved working condition and other workers
interest and right. Hence optimal productivity has been hampered because of
frequent industrial conflict as such many organizations has restored to
different means of resolving such conflict because of its intended negative
consequences such as down toll, which will affect sales, production decline,
patronage and profit margin.
1.3
Objective
of the Study
The
objective of the study are as follows:
1.
To identify the causes of conflict in ESHDC
2.
To examine the relevance of effective
conflict management in ESHDC
3.
To examine the criteria for effective
conflict resolution in ESHDC
4.
To proper possible solution to conflict in ESHDC
1.4
Significance
of the Study
The study will be beneficial to
corporate organization especially ESHDC as they utilize the finding in policy
formulation regarding conflict management in their organization. The study will
add to existing knowledge on conflict resolution and would be useful reference
materials to individuals, students as well as scholars who may wish to
undertake a similar research.
Most importantly, the study will go a
long way in putting an end to unnecessary unrest in the corporate and will
enhance productivity, peaceful co-existence between management and employee
which will have positive impact on sales, profit, management and maximum
enhancement of labour.
The research will also serves as a
reference point to further research work.
1.5
Research
Questions
The research questions that will guide
the study are:
1.
What are the causes of conflict in ESHDC?
2.
What is the relevance of effective
conflict management in ESHDC?
3.
What are the criteria for effective
conflict resolution in ESHDC?
4.
What are the positive solution to the
problem of conflict in ESHDC?
1.6
Scope
of the Study
The study cover the examination of conflict
resolution as a tool for effective management in ESHDC. To this end the study
will identify the criteria for effective conflict resolution as well as the
relevance of effective management system in ESHDC. The study will equally
identify the causes of conflict in ESHDC and would proffers solution to such problems.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
For the fact that this study is
restricted to Enugu State Housing Development Corporation (ESHDC). It is not
certain if the same result would be obtained if the survey is done on a
different area for the fact that the questionnaire as well as the survey design
are used as the instrument and the research design respectfully. Its is not
certain if other kind of instruments as
well as research design could yield the same result.
Other limitations arise from the
uncooperative attitude of respondents as well as their non-challant attitude.
This affected the validity of their response. As such incoming students as well
as individual who may wish to conduct a further research should take this into
cognizance.
1.8 Definition of Terms
1.
Conflict:
This is a process in which one party perceive that it interest is being opposed
or negatively affected by another party.
2.
Management:
Management is the act of getting things done through people.
3.
Conflict
Management: Is a communication process in an
organization that a solution when conflict arise
4.
Organization:
This is a framework for getting things done.
5.
Strike:
This is temporary withdrawal or withholding of labour power with the hope of
raising its price by improving the payment of wages and other condition of
employment.
6.
Lockout:
This refers to management refusal to allow employees to work.
7.
Trade
Union: This is a combination of workers or employers
association form for the main purpose of regulating the terms and conditions of
employment of workers.
8.
Production:
This is the process of transforming resources such as raw materials, labour and
capital goods into finished product and services.
9. ESHDC: This is an acronym for Enugu State Housing Development Corporation.