CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In many institutions around the world the word “MALPRACTICE” has become a common phenomenon.
According to oxford dictionary, malpractice is defined as: “a careless illegal or unacceptable behaviour by the somebody in a professional or official positive, e.g. medical practice”.
Advance learners dictionary defines malpractice as act of behaviour improperly and illegal in one’s business affairs.
The chamber’s 20th century dictionary defines examination as it relates to education as “an assessment tool used to determine the level of learning of a student in school or pupil in school” usually the result of such examinations are used to effect promotion course to another or a basis for possession of a certificate for job placement or as a means to something else. Normally there are rules and regulations for the conduct of such examination for the out come to be accepted by reasonable people or authorities, therefore, malpractice occurs when other students or teachers, examiners or invigilators tries to deviate from such established now.
In other words, examination malpractice will occur where either the student have refused to abide by the rules or regulations guiding the conduct of an examination like other society, i.e. such as forgery, thief and other fraudulent practices in the examination.
Cheating has reached a crisis point in the nation’s education system.
Delivering a lecture recently at the 2nd biennial delegates conference of the Nigeria union of teacher (NUT).
The name I.M.T., which stands for institute of management of technology, was established to help train manpower in technical or technological field. Also train and develop students in managerial (i.e.(management field) so that our country Nigeria will have expert measuring in different areas of learning since the time the growth in education resulting from past experience is a metamorphosis that bring about discernible change in people. As a matter of fact, no part of the society can afford to abandon or neglect education. This is because of the benefit derived from such training.
Dr. Olaguni, Odubunmi of the curriculum department of Lagos state university, listed seven ways through which examination malpractice occurs among students in Nigeria (including I.M.T Enugu and the college of education) as well as other universities and polytechnics. There are:
1. Giraffing (stretch the neck with intention of cheating)
2. Entering the examination hall with text book as reminder.
3. Prepared answers cells taped to the uniform at the back.
4. Use of short-hand
5. Use of mercenaries
6 Entering the hall with prepared scripts hidden in socks, pockets.
7. Smuggling out question paper and answers scripts.
In higher institutions, the Nigeria are faced with the determiner of coping with the various aspects of examination malpractice such as leakage , cheating. Equally our respective media house such a radio, television newspapers, journals have been saddled with case of examination fraud to the extent that even the common man in the street cannot afford to claim ignorance of it.