ABSTRACT
The project touches on causes and consequences of drug abuse among student some selected in tertiary institution in Ogun State. The study explored the problem in Federal College of Education and MoshoodAbiola Polytechnic and Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta and Federal Polytechnic Ilaro area. The method of data analysis used was simple percentages method and it was used to compare the various responses. The findings of the research indicated that there is need for inputs intothe cause and consequences of drug abuse among in tertiary institutions in Ogun State.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Globally, ancestors explored the properties of every plant, fruit, root and nut they found. The eventual use of these products would be partly determined by pharmacological effects, the nature, intensity and duration of these strange and desirable new experiences and partly by the particular groups pattern of living (Kambo, 2005). The Latin of South American of instance took cocaine which had a central role in their religious and social system throughout civilization which stretched from AD 1200 to 1500.(Wolmer, 2010) over the past two decades, the use of illegal drugs and misuse of therapeutic drugs have spread at unprecedented rate and have penetrated every part of the globe. No nation has been spared from the devastating problem caused by drug abuse.Drug have been defined differently people. A drug is any substance which when taken into the living organism may alter one or more of its function. The world health organization (WHO 2003) defined drug as any substances other than those required for maintenance of normal health, which when taken into the living organism, may modify one or more of its functions (Ghodse, 2003).
In medicine, drugs refers to any substances with the potential to prevents or cure diseases. Drugs can be legal or illegal. Drug abuse refers to non medical use of drugs. A substance is considered abused if it is deliberately used to introduce physiological or psychological effects or both for purpose other than therapeutic ones and when the use contributed to health risks or some combination of these.
I over the past two decades, the abuse of drugs in Kenya has rapidly increased and risen to unprecedented level and no part of the country is safe from the scourge (Ngesuet al, 2008).
Drug and substance abuse is linked to the rising crime rate HIV/AIDS prevalence, school unrest, family dysfunction, poverty and other malaise in the country. At the greatest peril are the youth who are deliberately and tactically recruited into the drug culture through personal factors, uncontrolled media influences and social exposure (National Agency for the Campaign Against Drug Control Programme, (NCADA), 2006).
Drug abuse effect the general population with the youth being most affected studies have shown that the age of indulgence has dropped to as low as 4 years, with many reasons given for this (Oketch 2008).
The problem of drug abuse is associated with introduction of foreign ways. Aslo parents abdicating their role of bringing up children in an atmosphere of love and leaving almost everything at the mercy of house help and televisions.
Youthfulness usuallysome very special problemsthat require special attention. This is the period of adolescence which is full of many challenges such as stress of physiological and physical change competition in school and life in general generation gap, unjust and cruel would among other problems. Psychologically, the adolescents have serious developmental tasks to hand such as peer identification and negotiating issue as peer identification and negotiating issue of authority, power and independence are primary (Oketch, 2008). A report by United Nation DurgControl Programme(National Agency for the Campaign Against Drug Control Programme, (NACADA), 2006)showed that 60% of students abuse drugs. A survey by (National Agency for the Campaign Against Drug Control Programme, (NACADA) showed that substance abuse is widespread. It affects by youth mostly but cuts across all social groups. Commonly abused drugs and substances by Nigeria youth includes: alcohol, tobacco, bhang, miraa (Khat), a host of inhalants, and prescription drugs (NACADA, 2006) Heroine and cocaine are also growing rapidly in Nigeria especially in large cities.
The United Nations Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) representative in Nigeria commented about the 2004 seizure of 1.1 metric tonesof cocaine in Nigeria as the largest over single cocaine seizure in African (Mugo, 2002). OgunState is reported to have had 10,000 with 50% of those being injected drug users. Injected drug use is increasing in Nigeria especially the large cities like Lagos it is not a wonder if student use this method to take the drugs. Use of injectable drug is a major factor in the spread of HIV due to sharing of needles and also diseases like Hepatitis B or even hepatitis c all of which are incurable. Other drugs like alcohol can lead to risky sexual behaviour as they affect judgment and decision making resulting in exposures to indicate that there is a direct linkage between drug and substance abuse HIV/AIDs in Nigeria were provided by a study report released by the UNODC Regional office for Eastern Africa (ROEA) in 2004. The study estimated that the prevalence of HIV/AIDs among injecting drug users in Nigeria is between 68 and 88 percent (Ndetei,et. al, 2004).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
It is evident that drug abuse is still associate a problem in our tertiary institutions despite various measuresto take control.This will study examining the causes and consequences of drug abuse above with the aim of proffering solution to curbethe thismenancein our society. Classification of drugs being abused.To find out the reasoned why tertiary institution student got involved in drugs and the after consequences of the abuse.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to find out the causes and consequences of drug abuse among students some selected in tertiary institutions in Ogun State.Specifically inthe following areas:
– To examine the causes of drug abuse among student in tertiary institution.
– To examine the various channels in which students got involved in drug abuse.
– To investigate the consequences of drug abuse among students in tertiary institution in Ogun State.
– To know the measures that can be taken to control or prevent drug abuse among student in tertiary institutions.
1.4 Research Questions
The following questions were raised to guide the study
i. What are the causes of drug abuse among students in tertiary institutions in Ogun State?
ii. What are the various channels in which students got involved in drug abuse?
iii. What are the consequences of drug abuse among students in tertiary institutions of Ogun State?
iv. What are the measures that can be taken to control drug abuse of drugs among students in tertiary institutions
1.5 Scope of the Study
The causes and consequences of drug abuse among students in tertiary institutions is the focus of this study. The investigation is delimited to some selected tertiary institution in Ogun State.
There are:
i. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta.
ii. Federal College of Education, Abeokuta
iii. MoshoodAbiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta
iv. Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro
1.6 Significance of the Study
In the first instance the ministry of education will find the study useful as the findings will provide and in-depth analysis of causes and consequences of drug abuse among students in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Stakeholders (including education planners and managers at all levels parent and student will make use of the information on the current level of causes and consequences of drug abuse which hinders effective academic performance of students in tertiary institutions.
This study will also guide educational policy makers and educators, planners on the measures that can be taken to control drug abuse among students in tertiary institutions.
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms
Drug: This is a chemical that influences or modified the action of the body own chemistry.Abuse: This means that to speak in an insulting and offensive wayDrugAbuses: This is the excessive use of drug either through self medication, overdosing taking drug that are harmful to healthDrugDependence: this is the condition involving craving for a composition to use of a drug because of the pleasure derived from it.DrugAddiction: This is a state of chronic intoxication produced by two repeated use of drug characterized an over powering desire to continue taking the drug and to obtain supplies desire regardless of the cost.SelfMedication: This is the habit of taking drugs without the prescription of a medical personal.Alcohol: The pure colourless liquid present in drinks that can makes one drink such as beer and spiritsSmoking: is a practice in which a substances is burned and the resulting smoke breathed is to be tested and inhaled.Amphetamines: these are drug used to control appetite and weight reductionAnalgesics: These are drug that relieves painStimulants: These are drugs that heightened or increases organic activitiesLysergicAcidDalthylamide (LSD it is one of the heart threats that is odourless and tasteless but responsible for the increases in heart rate, dilation of the pupils and per actions becoming distorted.Dose: Ability to take the average range of quantities which is generally regarded as suitable for people during administrationDosage: ability to take certain of drugAlcoholism: is an acquired chronic progressive disease which is characterized by compulsive intake of excessive alcoholDrugMisuse: when a drug is used without a prescription from a qualified or trained person.DrugUse: is the forming of habit of misusing drugs groups of drugs include alcohol, tobacco, narcotic and other stimulates.