CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The development of indigenous manpower to serve as the propelling force for national growth and development is no doubt a key to Nigeria’s socio-economic and political development (Ake 2000). This is quite indispensable considering the argument of the concept of transfer of technology as a propelling force for the development of the developing countries of which Nigeria is one (Ake 2000).
However, it is important to state that the lack of adequate emphasis on manpower development as a tool for development in Nigeria as well as the organized private sector could not be far-fetched. The lack of understanding of both the concept and methods for manpower development in a post-colonial Nigerian State in which the process of human resource development for was distorted by colonialism with the attendant negative orientation that was injected into political leadership (Ekpo 2000).
Training is a key factor in enhancing the efficiency and expertise of the workforce. The Students Work Experience (SIWES) program prepares students for labor markets. It has become an innovative phenomenon in human resources development and training in Nigeria.
According to Obisi (2003), training and development aim at developing competencies such as technical, human, conceptual and managerial for the furtherance of individual and organizational growth. George (2004) notes that “employee development programs are becoming increasingly popular in organizations as they focus on enhancing the effectiveness of their workforce. He noted that activities that make up employee development include skill assessment, job experience, formal courses and programs, and professional relationship. These activities can be very costly in terms of time and resources, and must often be justified by demonstrating their potential for adding value to the organization. Their potential value however depends on the following outcomes for employees who participate in these programs, for instance, learning, on-the-job behavior, and results. If employees participate in development activities, it can benefit both parties (employees and organization) the employees can benefit through enhanced performance leading to greater rewards and career development. However the organization can benefit through improved effectiveness and efficiency of their workforce.