(a)(i) What is a functional group?
(ii) State the functional group in each of the following compounds: I. CH(_3)CH(_2)CH(CH(_3))OH; II. CH(_3)CH(_2)CH(_2)COOH.
(b)(i) Complete the following equations:
(ii) Draw the structure(s) of the product(s) formed in (b)(i) above.
(c)(i).Write an equation for the prepzration of butan-2-ol from butene.
(d) (i) Give the reagents required for the following conversions to take place: I. CH(_2) = CH(_2) to CH(_3)CH(_2)OH; II. CH(_3)CH(_2)OH to CH(_3)COOH; Ill. CH(_3)COOH to CH(_3)COOCH(_2)CH(_3).
(e) Consider the following organic structure; CH(_3)OHCHCH = CHCOOH
(i) State what would be observed when the organic compound is treated with each of the following reagents: I. cold NaHCO(_{3(aq)}); II. hot solution of I(_2) in NaOH(_{(aq)}); Ill. bromine water.
Explanation
(a)(i) It is an atom or group of bonded atoms that is responsible for the chemical behaviour of an organ compound
(ii)(I) — OH or hydroxyl group or alkanol
(C) C(_4) H(_8) + H(_2)SO(_4) (to) C(_4)H(_8)HSO(_4)
C(_4)H(_9)HSO(_4) + H(_2)O (to) C(_4)H(_8)OH + H(_2)SO(_4)
OR
CH(_2) = CHCH(_2)CH + H(_2)O (to) CH(_3)OHCHCH(_2)CH(_3)
OR
C(_4)H(_8) + H(_2)O (to) C(_4)H(_8)OH
(d)(i) (I) Conc. H(_2)SO(_4) / H(_3)PO(_4)
(II) Acidified KMnO(_4) / K(_2)Cr(_2)O(_7) / Na(_2)Cr(_2)O(_7)
(Ill) Ethanol and Conc. H(_2)SO(_4)
(e)(i) (I) Effervescence occurs (II) Yellow precipitate (III) Bromine water decolourized
(ii) (I)
or — COOH or alkanoic group
(II) CH(_3)CHOH / CH(_3) adjacent to CHOH
(III) C = C or carbon — carbon double bond