CHAPTER ONE
1.1
INTRODUCTION
Millions of children need
to be moved from home to school and vice versa every day. For parents,
obtaining a safe transport for their children is a crucial issue. The students
ride their bicycle getting to and from school safety. A research undertaken by
the Scottish executive central research unit with purpose of increasing the
proportional of non car travel to school reveals that travelling by bus or
coach appears to be by for the safest mode. Statistics suggest that a child
travelling by car is seven (7) times more likely to take part or be involved in
a road traffic casualty than a child travelling by our statistics from U.S.A,
CANADA and Australia also confirm that public transport (and school transport
in particular) has a high level of safety just an in Europe.
For instance, the
Australian college of Road safety notes that bus travel in the safest form of
road transport, at least 14 times safer than the private car, and that the
record for school bus travel in particular is very good.
Also, the research
undertaken by national highway traffic safety administration in notes that when
comparing the number of fatalities of children aged 5-18 years during normal
school transportation hours, from 1989-1999 (school years). School buses are 87
times safes than private cars.
To
help- avoid frightening and potential costly mistakes like these, this
investigates an RFID enabled solution to here monitor children when they are
traveling to and from school on stool buses. This system will transmit data via
cell modem to allow buses to be tracked from a command center at fleet
headquarters, as well as to the parent of that child.
As an
option, a push button emergency alarm can be installed that will send an alarm
to the monitoring station that the bus is in trouble. Another option that increased
situational awareness or the addition of biometrics that, can store locally the
identity picture sent periodically or on request from the command centre.
1.2
RESEARCH GOALS AND OBJECTIVE
The objective of this
project is to develop an affordable integrated
monitoring system to ensure our fleet security. Our goal is to develop a
modular system to maximize system flexibility to best meet the need of each
school district. The basic system will enable law enforcement to track vehicle
using RHD and a wireless data transfer mechanism that sends data to
headquarters and allow to law enforcement.
A module will be
developed that will provide co-operate system for identification and tracking
of individual system and driver, including where and when they board and exit
the bus. A module for additional on
board monitoring will developed including sensor and student data as using
Biometrics.
This research showed that RFID technology is a
practical option for monitoring and tracking the children their trip to and
from school on school buses. Lab and field trials confirmed that the RFID tags
functional well under different conditions. The reading were consistent and
resulted read ranges that were acceptable within the constraints of locating
children stopped into the wrong bus, left the bus and left behind in the bus,
the cost associated with begging of material is relatively low. It should be noted that the work completed in this research is the
first phase of the project. Future work including combining RFID tracking with
an information management system will result in detailed children tracking that
will provide different application to the users, Once the most phases are
complete, the system will be capable of notifying parents via SMS when the
child water/leaves the school, enabling school authorities, fleet owners and
parent to keep track of the our online, helping transporters and authorities to
plan and manage the bus routes better, saving money and ensuring smooth and
quick rides to the different destinations.
1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS
– Radio-Frequency
Identification (RFID)
Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically
identify and tracks tags attached to an object. The tags contains electronically stored information.
RFID
tags are used in many industries, for example, an RFID tag attached to an
automobile during production can be used to track active or battery assisted passive.
Tracker:- As a way to know geographical position
A
RFID + Tracker: Complete Solution
Where about of the individual items/person can be
determined where person: carrying RFID
(No tracker needed)
Vehicle: Fitted with tracker.
RFID
combined with tracker has a diversified utility an will be evident in the
subsequent slides.
1.2
User Advantages
(Benefit to parent)
1. You can complete traceability of childs
movement from home to school and back.
2. You get instant information/Alerts about
Arrival at pickup and drop off stops. Boarding and Alighting at school and
stops entering and eating school premises.
Benefits to school management
1. You
get exact information about the moving fleet
2. You
get information about drives functioning i.e Breakdown alerts e.t.c